That is why Filemon Lopez, who is part of the Benito Juarez Civic Association states that they are working hard to teach the Mixtecs their rights, about the importance of health, housing but overall of education. Even in the Madera school district, the importance of education is being advocated for, for teachers such as Carmen Hernandez states that it is important that both children like adults learn both Spanish and English, so that they can later be able to function in an English speaking society, but also so that they can keep their language and their pride in their background. Such as in the lecture about linguistic anthropology lecture that we went over in class, where it was explained that for the most part once English was learned that native languages were used less and less then forgotten, for only a subset of the population usually those who are older are the only ones who maintain the language going until they are gone. That is why Carmen emphasizes the importance of providing bilingual classes for Mixtec adults and children. So that in the future as Apuleyo Guzman states, that he hopes to learn more English so that he can get a better job so that e can get a better job, so that he can better provided for his family and his village, yet also still has his culture, his language and his ties to
My personal experience being multilingual is that i am able to freely express myself in words or phrases that come natural to me. Being able to speak Vietnamese, English, and French with ease while using some commonly known phrases from the Japanese language. Martin Espada and Richard Rodriguez, two authors that speak Spanish and English have different standpoints on the subject of bilingualism. In Martin Espada’s essay “The New Bathroom Policy at English High School” explains the need to maintain cultural identity through bilingualism, while in Richard Rodriguez’s exert “Hunger of Memory” depicts the necessity of becoming bilingual to be able to function well in society. “The New Bathroom Policy at English High School” by Martin Espada explores
Although Espada and Rodriguez have different opinions on the topic they still have some similarities between their texts. For example they both believe that not knowing english is a disadvantage in the US. Espada talks about this throughout most of their essay like with the refusal of various services that weren’t translated to other foreign languages. Rodriguez does touch on that same idea albeit with a different view on it with how although he would have preferred to continue primarily speaking in Spanish he believes that it was beneficial to him for those around him to force him to speak
However, in order for one to truly understand the arguments made by the authors they must also understand the context behind these arguments; therefore, knowing how the individual authors’ definition of bilingualism lets the reader truly absorb what points they’re trying to make and why. In Espada’s essay, he defines bilingualism as a way for a person to remain in contact with their different cultural identities. There are many areas in the essay where the reader could interpret this definition from. However, the most significant piece of evidence appears at the beginning of the essay where Espada mentions his friend Jack Agueros’ analogy to describe his bilingualism “English and Spanish are like two dogs I love. English is an obedient dog.
Identity Crisis In “Se Habla Espanol” by Tanya Maria Barrientos, speaking multiple languages at the time of Barrientos being a child, was not perceived as a bonus on your job application. When she was just three years old she was moved to the states and her parents completely stopped using Spanish and taught their children English. They did this in order to provide a better education for their children in America. They knew that if they spoke Spanish, they would be perceived as poor individuals.
One in five United States residents speaks a foreign language. Try to do the math of this and it gives you roughly sixty-one million people in the United States that speak a foreign language. Being bilingual helps you in many different ways. It helps with your first language. It helps you communicate with others in ways that you were not capable of doing before and helps with your self-confidence.
Yes, English is the first language of the United States; however, it is a country of great diversity and many other languages are spoken, as well. Furthermore, Mexicans are the largest growing minority group in the U.S., making Spanish the second language most spoken. Incorporating bilingual education into a Spanish speaking student 's education is essential in helping them better adjust into American society without making relinquish or feel ashamed of their culture. Additionally, bilingual education is extremely important for the integration of Spanish students into the American education system, which will help them to gradually blend in and adjust more effectively, as well as help them to learn the English language more
They say, speaking their native language in class would take away from the set time dedicated to learning other content, but it would be easier if students could ask questions in their native language and communicate in a language they are comfortable speaking in and asking questions. Learning content would be easier for them because they would be able to ask questions and if they had any problems, identify the problem and fixing that problem would be a lot more simple due to being able to use their native language to understand what that problem is and fixing it with their understanding of the language. In an article by Anya Kamenetz about the positive effects of bilingual education mentions that the best way to learn a language is to use both the language being learned and the language already know. Using both languages would ease each student into learning a new language. In allowing ELL students to use their native language they have the ability to ask questions in both the language they are learning and the one they are completely comfortable communicating in which is beneficial to their ability to learn a new language with the understanding they already have of their native language.
Similar results were confirmed by many studies conducted on different groups American-Chinese (Wang1924), Italians and Puerto Ricans(Darcy 1952), Indians(Jamieson-Sandifrod),Japanese(Yoshioka), Mexicans(Garth 1928; Altus 1953) Jews and Italians(Arsenian 1937), In 1920, when intelligence test was first introduced, the lower scores of bilinguals were attributed to their intellectual inferiority (Garretson 1928) or the adverse effects of bilingualism (Yoshioka 1929). The general findings are bilingualism is a disadvantage for bilinguals when their intelligence is measured on verbal test of intelligence (Darcy 1953). Most of the studies suggested bilinguals as ‘home-school’ bilingual.
More than half of the world‘s population is bilingual and many researchers are captivated to explore how language and thinking collaborate, that is, what cognitive abilities are affected by bilingualism and to what extent other factors like language proficiency and age of acquisition are predominant. In the early years of a child’s life the development of both speaking and reasoning occurs at an astonishing pace therefore such research has comprehensive implications on child development and education, and offers theoretical and practical benefits to human cognition. Just several decades ago it was widely considered that young chilren should not be exposed to two (or more) languages as this may lead to confusion and slower cognitive development.
Jennifer, I agree with the book…”to promote bilingualism whenever possible, so that students feel comfortable within their language in the most things that they do within an environment”. The environment can be considered both inside and outside of the classroom. You’re right! This does mean that we should be just as comfortable with their language, as they are with learning our language.
Public schools As noted above, the federal government has provided a form of bilingual education for Indigenous students since the creation of the DGEI in 1978. While such programs are now known as “intercultural bilingual” education, they have only been able to provide students with a weak form of intercultural capacity at best and often have the opposite effect of alienating students by oppressing their native language and culture. This reinforcing of the hegemony of the Spanish language and European-descent, urban-centric culture is apparent in the non-participation of the local community, the way that teachers are selected and trained, and the use of language in the classroom. One of the most salient characteristics of the public education system is its highly centralized nature.
I am standing in a classroom of Junior High School students in San Agustín de Guadalix, a working-class suburb of Madrid, giving a lecture in English about the origins of Islam and receiving questions in Spanish. I am working for Spain 's Ministry of Education as an English and History teacher with the intention of becoming fully bilingual and learning how the world is understood by a diverse community in at least one place outside the US. Getting to this class has been an interesting journey. I have been staying at the OK Hostel in Madrid, the temporary housing I chose while looking for an apartment for the next ten months. So far, OK Hostel was true to its name, except for the bedbugs, los chinches in Spanish.
4. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION During the analysis of this case study research three results evolved and will be revealed and categorized under one section. The most prominent data identified during this case study will be described and analyzed below. 4.1.
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction Definition and backgrounds of theories and concepts connected to this study are provided in this chapter. Reviews of previous studies on code-switching, bilingualism and computer mediated communication which are homogenous to this study are provided. 2.1. Bilingualism 2.1.1. Definition of bilingualism
