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Urinary System

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Urinary System

1. List the organs of the urinary system by locations and give the basic organ function.

(1) The kidneys – The urinary system consists of two kidneys located in the middle of the back with one on each side of the body. This kidneys help to eliminate body wastes through fluid called urine.
(2) Two ureters – The ureters connect the kidneys and the urinary bladder. Their function is to transport the urine into the bladder.
(3) Urinary bladder – The urinary bladder is located in the pelvic area. The function of the bladder is to serve as a storage bin for urine.
(4) Urethra – The urethra is located between the bladder and the exterior of the body. The function of the urethra is to eliminate urine from the body.

2. Describe the …show more content…

This is used when a person’s kidneys no longer function at a proper rate. Dialysis is most often done in a medical facility. The procedure generally takes 3 – 4 hours and involves the insertion of a tube into the vein and that tube is connected to a machine. This process circulates the blood through the machine and back into the body. This process filters out the waste and toxins. This process isn’t a total fix. There are still risks and the patient must limit their fluid and sodium intake.

What are factors that contribute to dialysis?

Factors that contribute to dialysis are low blood pressure resulting in low blood flow to the kidneys. A reduced blood flow can cause damage to the epithelial lining of the tubules within the kidney and this hinders the filtration within the kidneys. Kidney failure will also cause a person to have to undergo dialysis. What are some dietary restrictions in dialysis?

A patient must limit their fluid and sodium intake. It is important for the patient to eat …show more content…

List the flow of blood from the heart to the kidneys.

The blood flows as follows: aorta, abdominal aorta, renal artery, segmental arteries, lobar artery divides into inter lobar arteries, arcuate arteries, afferent arteriole, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta.

4. List the process of filtration of blood and production of urine in the kidney.

First Step: Urine forms from the separation of water and small solutes from blood cells and other particles. This takes place in the glomerular capillaries. The solution that is formed flows into the Bowman capsule and is termed filtrate. This filtrate is the urine.

Second Step: Tubular reabsorption. This is the process where water is filtered from the blood. This liquid is returned to the blood through renal tubules. This filters out any contaminants. This fluid then flows into the loop of Henle and to the collecting ducts. Substances are removed through diffusion, active transport, and osmosis. The filtered substances go into the renal veins and back into the circulatory system. Third Step: Tubular Secretion. This process helps to eliminate toxins from the body. It is here that plasma and pH are regulated. The end result is

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