Learning Theory and The Role It Plays in Education Introduction Learning theories are used every day in classrooms all over America, educational theorist Lev Vygotsky, Jean Piaget, Benjamin Bloom and Jerome Bruner introduced constructivism and social constructivism theories (cognitive development, social development, and developmental). The theories developed by Vygotsky, Piaget, Bloom, and Bruner share similarities and differences, and throughout the years have been compared for educational discoveries. Learning theories are extremely important for educators, because learning is an active process. Theorist/Theory #1 Lev Vygotsky and the Zone of Proximal Development (ZDP), is the belief that students learn from adults who are more advanced …show more content…
Blooms purpose was to promote higher forms of thinking and analyze critical task. Bloom thought education should be more than memorizing (rote learning). Bloom designed three learning domains; Cognitive (knowledge), Affective (self), and Psychomotor (skills), which is the reason teachers today have students participate in productive struggle. The teacher (parent or adult) teach the students a new concept, in which the adult offers a lot of support (the student is very dependent on the adult for support) then with the help of the teacher the student is moving to work independently. Bloom understood that education required principles, procedures, concepts, and processes that required the student to think, question, explore. By simply providing rote learning students will never reach the higher levels of thinking required by colleges and in everyday …show more content…
Theories that as future educator will need to be understood and explored. Some if not all these theory’s will be used in the classroom. Vygotsky, Piaget, Bruner, and Bloom all set out to establish a foundation for education, whether through building skills such as pre-reading, language, vocabulary, and numeracy. It becomes the educators job to implement theories into the classroom for children's cognitive development. The theorist discussed in this paper, have had made a profound effect on
After the skills are established with interesting topics, the classic academic topics will no longer be as challenging or out of reach. Graff (2003) acknowledges that this second step will not be successful with every student, but at the least, the first step will build intellect. These intellectual skills can be applied in everyday situations that rarely appear in settings similar to classrooms. Being able to function in society is a continuous test. I would include a third step to this proposal and encourage schools
Introduction “Learning is not development; however, properly organized learning results in mental development and sets in motion a variety of developmental processes that would be impossible part from learning. Thus, learning is a necessary and universal aspect of the process of developing culturally organized, specifically human, psychological functions” (Vygotsky, 1978, p. 90). The Russian psychologist of the early twentieth century, Lev Vygotsky, laid down the foundation for an entire school of thought to later be known as the socio-cultural perspective on human development. Vygotsky differentiated himself from other psychologists of the time by placing an emphasis on societies influence on development and the processes by which development
In this paper will be comparing three different Cognitivist theories after reading the story Kermit and the Keyboard. There are three theories will be focusing on the cognitive information being process, Prospective of International Theories, and the Piagetian prospective. The main points of each prospective will be discussed and how it relates to the story. Also, will be using the Piagets theory, and Bruner, Vygotsky theories and discussing how would apply it to helping children in school in their reading and math. The ways the cognitive theory will be beneficial and any limitations using this theory will be elaborated in details.
Theoretical Framework This study was anchored on the Constructivist Theory. Constructivism is defined by Cunanan-Cruz (2002) as an educational theory whereby learners construct their own knowledge by a natural ability to think, by learning from the environment, or by combination of both natural ability and environmental influences, where the result is an autonomous, intellectual learner. Constructivism influences instructional theory by encouraging discovery, hands-on, experiential, collaborative, project-based, and task-based learning. It has roots in cognitive psychology and biology and is an approach to education that lays emphasis on the ways knowledge is created while exploring the world. Exemplars of constructivist theory may be found in the works of John Dewey, Maria Montessori and David Kolb.
By recognizing that every student has talents and using them in an assignment or lesson, the students are more likely to buy into the lesson and in turn they should remember the lesson years down the
What are some important features of young children’s education? Piaget’s theory and Vygotsky’s theory and their difference of opinions were interesting to compare. Piaget’s theory that children develop their thinking and understanding through their actions with the physical world compared to Vygotsky’s theory that children develop their thinking and understanding through their social experiences I think social experiences have a higher influencing factor on a child’s development. “Buds” and “Flowers” Vygotsky referred to these two items as how children develop by having interaction
Curriculums Fostering Cognitive Development Early childhood education programs provide children with essential cognitive development. These programs provide parents with a sense of relief that their child or children will receive the needed skills to foster successful cognitive development. Piaget’s theory provides early childhood programs with information for fostering cognitive development in young children. If early childhood programs use curriculums that follow Piaget’s theory, then this is a step in the right direction for cognitive development.
The main three learning theories I witnessed included humanistic, behaviouristic and constructivist techniques. After seeing various teaching methods which included some or all of these theories. A realisation I came to was that learning develops in a multitude of different ways, which normally depends on the teacher’s style. When considering what teaching method, I will adopt. I now believe that I cannot always portray the constructivist or humanistic approach I strongly support.
Also, they both had some interest in philosophy. Their views help enhance the similarities and differences providing in their theories. The first theorist introduced is Piaget and his theory was based on “the understanding of how children and adolescents think and learn” (198). The second theorist introduced is Vygotsky and his theory was influenced by Karl Marx’s proposal “that historical changes in society have significant impact on how people think and behave” (215).
(refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1). All of them focus on the development of complex thinking skills. First at all, Piaget’s cognitive development theory is the most essential theory among others (Müller et al., 2009 and Scholnick et al., 1999 as cited in Lourenço, 2002, pp.281-295). This theory aims to explain the mechanisms and processes of children in understanding and discovering the world. There are 3 basic elements in theory of cognitive development which are schema, assimilation and accommodation.
In accordance with Piaget’s theory, the learner interacts with objects and events available in the physical and social environment and therefore comprehends the objects or events using the process of assimilation, accommodation and equilibration. The learners, therefore, construct their own conceptualizations and use them to generate solutions to problems. This theory also suggests that humans create and construct knowledge as they try to bring meaning to their experiences. In the differentiated classroom, teachers should facilitate the learning process by organizing learning activities and using variety of aid material according to the level of students’ cognitive structure to enable them to construct knowledge through their
According to Erikson, the primary motivation is social and reflects a desire to affiliate with other people and that development change occurs throughout the life span. Cognitive theories emphasize conscious thoughts. Piaget and Vygotsky are best known for cognitive theories. Piaget believed that children go through four stages of cognitive development as they actively construct their understanding of the world. Vygotsky’s had a sociocultural cognitive theory that emphases how culture and social interactions guide cognitive development.
Vygotsky’s ideas concerning Zone of proximal Development (ZPD) is an expression of the basic proposition that he sets out to convey, cognitive development is not a process that occurs spontaneously nor can it merely be explained by children’s interactions with the physical environment. It occurs because the child is embedded in a social context, surrounded by people with greater expertise willing to share their knowledge. This provides strong support for the inclusion of cooperative learning strategies in the classroom instruction. According to key literature, modern cooperative learning primarily began in 1966 (Johnston & Johnston, 2009), with the application of social interdependence theory becoming one of the most successful and widespread applications of social and educational psychology to practice. Johnson and Johnson (2009)
In this essay I will address Piagetian Theory, the cognitive performance of children from age seven to eleven, (the concrete operational period), and Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of cognitive development. This essay will begin by analysing Piagetian Theory. Cognitive development cannot
His approach of studying the development of the human mind was a synthesis of ideas drawn from biology and philosophy. He looked at human beings as biological organisms who must adapt successively to their environment. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development revolutionized the study of children’s cognitive development and it has undergone some revisions over the years. It also provides a set of basic principles to guide our understanding of cognitive development that are found in most recent theories.