Dilution Essays

First part of this experiment was to create and plan out a dilution series to figure out the concentration of Salmonella enterica in the original solution. Three plates were labeled 1,2, and 3. Plate 1 being the most diluted mixture and 3 being the least diluted mixture. These plates were examined to figure out the CFU. The dilution factors of the samples were 1:30,000 for plate 1, the second plate was 1:60,000, and the third and final plate was 1:120,000. 100uL of each sample was pipetted onto the

Calculations Preparation of 1.5μmol/L mixed low-level standard dilution 150μmol/L × V1=1.5μmol/L × 10ml V1=(1.5μmol/L×10ml)/(150μmol/L)=0.1ml Conversion of milliliters to microliters (0.1ml×1000)μL= 100μL Preparation of 3μmol/L mixed low-level standard dilution 150μmol/L × V1=3μmol/L × 10ml V1=(3μmol/L×10ml)/(150μmol/L)=0.2ml Conversion of milliliters to microliters (0.2ml×1000)μL= 200μL Preparation of 3μmol/L mixed low-level standard dilution 150μmol/L × V1=7.5μmol/L × 10ml V1=(7.5μmol/L×10ml)/(150μmol/L)=0

Aim The aim of the experiments to be carried out is to determine the kinetic parameters, Km and Vmax, of Alkaline Phosphatase. Theory, Principles and Application of Principles Enzymes are a huge varying group of proteins which are needed to carry out essential metabolic functions in cells. Substrate-specific enzymes, like Alkaline Phosphatase, act as catalysts lowering the needed activation energy to convert the substrate to product. Enzymes are made up of amino-acids and amino-groups have side chains

The purpose of this lab was to understand and observe the solubility constant. In order to do this, we set up a dilution experiment with Ca(NO3)2. In the first well, A1, there was 5 drops of Ca(NO3)2. In well A2-A7, 4 drops of distilled water was added. A fine tip pipet was then used to put 2 mini drops from well A1 into A2 and then the excess solution was put back in the orin=gnial well. Well A2 was mixed and the process was repeated. By doing this, the solutions from A1 to A7 was progressively

Trademark Dilution (Victoria Secrets Case) In today’s world consumers purchase products on the basis of brand name and trade symbol which accompanies the product, rather than buying the product on the basis of usefulness and quality. Therefore the protection of the trademark is important. Trademark dilution is a claim which owner of well-known trademark can make to prohibit others from using a mark which decreases or lowers the value or distinctiveness or defames the reputation and uniqueness of

Serial Dilution Many of the laboratory procedures involve the use of dilutions. It is important to understand the concept of dilutions, since they are a handy tool used throughout all areas of the clinical laboratory. These dilutions have to be considered as they make a quantitative difference in what is going on. nA serial dilution is any dilution where the concentration decreases by the same quantity in each successive step. If an answer contains a one/10 dilution the quantity represents 1 a part

Hem dilution: donating your own blood during surgery. Immediately before surgery, some of your blood is taken and replace with IV fluids. After surgery, your blood is filtered and returned to you. This process dilutes your own blood so you lose less concentrated blood during surgery. The disadvantage of this process is that only a limited amount of blood can be removed, and certain medical conditions may prevent the use of this technique. Apheresis: donating your own platelets and plasma. Before

whether the objective evidence of actual damage to the economic value of a famous mark rather than a presumption of damage from subjective probability standard of dilution is required for relief under the act.” Federal Trademark Dilution Act entails the factors that determine whether a mark is distinctive and famous. The act defines “dilution” as the “lessening of the capacity of a famous mark to identify and distinguish goods or services.” The FTDA answers that question, and the answer is no. This requirement

Yes the differences in the salts density will affect how much the salt floats. The dilution with the most salt will be the most dense. This is also buoyancy because the egg is floating in a liquid. I also thi9nk the one with the most volume will float the most. Did you know that saltwater is more dense than fresh water? The salt adds a

Food Dyes Analysis in Commercial Products Bhavika Shah December 9, 2014 Introduction: This experiment was conducted to show the use of spectroscopy, the branch of science concerned with the investigation and measurement of spectra produced when matter interacts with electromagnetic radiation, to find the concentration of dye in everyday products (Hurst). All molecules react differently when they are exposed to radiation and these reaction differences can be used to determine what the

2. You have been asked to set up a dilution series, and then use spread plates to determine the viable cell count. Why is it necessary to use a dilution series when isolating bacteria from a biological sample using spread plating? [5 MARKS] It is vital to use a dilution series to reduce the concentration of the original biological sample so it is easier to count the number of isolated colonies which are present on the spread plate. The diluted samples will have a workable number of colonies on

of turkey though the dilution series explained above in the methods

and 1.0 mL of water, and 3.0 mL of dye and 0 mL of water. These samples were tested by the spectrophotometer, and the absorbencies recorded. This whole process was completed twice and the absorbencies were averaged. Lastly, final concentrations and dilution factors were calculated by using the appropriate formulas. The final portion of the lab consisted of creating a lined scatterplot in Microsoft Excel with the absorbencies from the standard curve data chart. The chart was created to display the linear

get 1:10, 1:100, 1:1000, 1:10,000 up to 10-12 dilutions. We transferred 9ml distilled water using pipette into 33 test tubes. To get 1:10 dilution we transferred 1mL of the original sample into the first test tube and we stirred to mix it together. For the second tube to get 1:100 dilution, we transferred 1mL of the 1:10 dilution. For 1: 1000 dilutions, we transfer 1mL of the 1:100 dilution into the third tube and we transferred for 1:10,000 dilution 1ml of 1:1000. For the remaining test tubes we

by sweeping the potential from +6.00 to -2.00 mV. The calibration curve couldn 't be plotted with the obtained voltammograms, therefore, the cocaine-benzoylecgonine antibody concentration has been raised to 0.05 µg/ml (10 fold more) and the tracer dilution ratio to 1:10000. That leads to increase the absorbance (OD) detected by ELISA to 4. The obtained voltammograms were investigated and the calibration curve was plotted. It showed non linear four parameter logistic relationship fit between the concentration

or absence of biological molecules in serum 2216. If the concentration in each test tube of the dilutions carried out will be more concentrated then the concentration of the test tube before it, then the color will be at an equal concentration with the other dilutions performed. The hypothesis was wrong because of the difference in concentrations due to the different measurements within the dilutions done. The test for starch was to add a drop of iodine solution to the pipette in the spotting tile

When testing one organism, for example Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the dilution is prepared in agar slopes but at this time it is necessary to prepare another identical set to be inoculated with the organism which is control. To make dilution a small volume of water is used and then the dilute is added to agar that melted and then cooled to 60degrees C. If chocolate agar is required blood is added, and

specific gravity and density of sodium chloride of known concentrations. This lab required us to prepare a stock solution and use that stock solution for three dilutions. Each dilution had a different molarity because of the end volume. The first diluted solution had a concentration of 0.3107 M and a density of 1.0081 g/mL. Out of all the dilutions this was the lowest concentrations because it had to most water added to the stock solution. The second diluted solution had a concentration of 0.6213 M and

drink had peak absorbance in other wavelength areas, it would have indicated the presence of different colors of dyes. Figures 2 details the information used to calculate the molarity of each dilution of dye created. An analytical approach was taken, and it was decided that the most efficient dye dilutions to test in

cocaine in buffer A progressive Dilution strategy is applied to achieve the qualitative and quantitative detection of cocaine in buffer. Morphine is taken to be a negative control. Cocaine and morphine of concentration 100 μmol/L are taken and progressively diluted. It is diluted by the dilution factor of 2 with a buffer . And the fluorescence intensity is then measured at each and every step. In the presence of cocaine we can notice a slope on the progressive dilution curve. The presence of morphine