called Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV is a virus that affects the immune system and destroys the cells which help protect the body from illness. Unlike other viruses that the immune system can normally fight off, HIV cannot be eliminated by the immune system. HIV is found throughout all the tissues of the body but is transmitted via the body fluids such as semen, vaginal fluids, blood, and breast milk, of an infected person. The most common symptoms of HIV include body rashes, fever, sore
Introduction: When HIV (Human Immunodeficiency virus) was discovered and established as the causative agent of AIDS in 1983-1984(1), the majority of people thought that vaccines against this HIV would be developed and applied rapidly. But, this was not going to happen in case of HIV as in AIDS, virus-induced immune response possess no ability to prevent re-infection and also not capable of slowing down the progression to disease. The development of an HIV vaccine took almost 30 years of intense
infection known as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can similarly be spread in various other ways like contact with the infected blood, mother to her child during the pregnancy, breast-feeding or childbirth. HIV might take years to weaken the immune system to the extent of AIDS that is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. In this HIV harms the immune system along with interfering with the ability of the body to fight against the organisms causing the disease. HIV infection does not only affect the victims
HIV has been a huge problem not only China but all over the world. It has been described as one of the most prevalence disease that is spreading in an incredibly fast speed. The sad thing is that there is no cure for HIV at present, and HIV kills. Further more, there are still lots of people out there who are not aware of the nature of HIV and do not know how to prevent themselves from getting HIV. However, there are ways and solutions that have been proposed toward this problem. This essay is going
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become one of the most troublesome public health issues in the world. Its mere occurrence has developed stigma and discrimination which have been identified as the major obstacles in the way of dealing effective responses to people living with HIV. A disadvantage stemming from stigma goes beyond what are often understood as discriminatory actions and expressions like social rejection, intolerance, avoidance, discrimination
Psychological Dimension of HIV/AIDS and Recent Advances in Its Management Abstract HIV as a chronic illness is manageable but not curable. Psychiatric disorders not only act as risk factors for HIV infection but also result from the diagnosis of HIV infection. The psychiatric disorders range from anxiety, depression to neurocognitive disorders. The diagnosis also means psychological and emotional effects on the patients and the caregivers. This requires that biopsychosocial perspective be employed
virus, each of these origins has a relation to do with the first state of HIV known as simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The most commonly accepted theory is the ‘Hunters’ Theory where the SIV was transferred to the human hunters when they hunted chimpanzees for their flesh as food and consumed the virus, also when the chimpanzee’s diseased blood came in contact with the hunters opened wounds it adapted by becoming HIV in the human’s body making the human its new host. Diseases that are transferred
HIV AND AIDS PREVENTION THESIS STATAMENT ORIGINS OF HIV (According to Keenan pg.30) there are actually two HIV virus families and two HIV epidermic caused,respectively,by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus type2 (HIV 2)HIV-2 infection,however,accounts for a vaninishingly small proportion of the global AIDS epidermic.it leads to AIDS in a smaller percentage of persons and over a longer period of time than does the dominant strain,HIV-1 HIV-1,which accounts
AIDS which stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is the final stage of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus infection) that causes severe damage to the immune system. Several factors influence this epidemic, including poverty, gender, sexual orientation, unemployment, limited education and stigma. According to Unaids, by the end of the year 2001 the estimated number of people living with HIV/AIDS was 40 million worldwide. Of these, 1.8 million were located in Latin America and Caribbean (LAC)
FOR PREVENTION STRATEGIES Since HIV was discovered in 1983 [15] scientists have been working on numerous methods to prevent and cure the disease. There are a number of stages in the HIV lifecycle where infection and spreading can be interrupted, but ideally HIV needs to be stopped before the viral DNA is integrated into the host genome. A number of prevention methods have been created and tested by scientists; however few have yet been successful in preventing HIV infection. In this section, some
people in the world are HIV positive, 2.1 million people became newly diagnosed with HIV and 1.5 million people died due to HIV related diseased; according to the World health organization studies done towards the end of 2013.South Africa is the number one country leading with HIV positive people, leading with 6.4 million people diagnosed, 1.2 million more than in 2008, making South Africa number one worldwide. More than 400 000 children under 17 years of age have been diagnosed HIV positive and 2.5 million
The HIV life cycle includes several crucial steps, starting from the attachment of the virus to the host cell membrane and finishing with the release of progeny virions from the cell. The HIV replication cycle can be summarized in six steps. These steps include (1) binding and entry, (2) uncoating, (3) reverse transcription, (4) provirus integration, (5) virus proteins synthesis and assembly and (6) budding which represent in figure 1. The entry pathway of HIV-1 and HIV-2 can be divided into three
the spread of HIV [17]. Africa, where there is poverty, lack of resources and weak infrastructure, is the continent worst affected by HIV and AIDS [17]. Many prevention strategies aim to educate people about HIV and reduce the overall number of transmissions, these efforts have seen a positive result in some areas of the world, especially developed countries [17]. Treatment as prevention (TASP) is a term that describes the use of antiretroviral treatment to decrease the chance of HIV transmission
Introduction Human Immune deficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a well-known global health epidemic. Statistics reveal that South Africa has the highest record of the epidemic compared to any other country in the world with 6.1 million people living with the disease (UNAIDS, 2013). Of this figure the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) has the country’s predominant HIV/AIDS problem (Cullinan, 2013). The young people, especially youths are most exposed to this infection
Oliver Literature Review The following references answer the research questions below: 1. What is the current situation of HIV cases in the Philippines?; 3 paragraphs 2. What are the proposed solutions for the HIV cases in the Philippines?; 3 paragraphs 3. What is the government doing to address the current issue of HIV?; 3 paragraphs Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is currently becoming a big problem in the Philippines bucking the international trend which shows new infections falling. According
Immunodeficiency Virus which causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has become one of the major constraints threatening economic development in all sectors including Agriculture. According to statistics, Zambia has one of the World’s most devastating and Aids pandemic. In Zambia as elsewhere, HIV/AIDS affects people during their most productive years and 16 percent of Zambians between ages 15 and 49 are infected with the virus. Thus, HIV and AIDS have had a significant impact on the country’s workforce
Myths Regarding HIV and AIDS There are many HIV and AIDS myths out there. Sadly, HIV and AIDS myths prey on the weak and vulnerable. HIV and AIDS myths are dangerous and contribute to prejudice and stigma. Let's dispel the HIV and AIDS myths out there with this list of the top ten HIV and AIDS related myths. 1. I have just been diagnosed with HIV and AIDS...I am going to die. This is the biggest myth of all. In fact, people are living with HIV and AIDS longer today than ever before. Medications
Article HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh: Knowledge and Conception Md. Reyad-ul- Ferdous1, A. H. M. Mahmudur Rahman2 _____________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: In the mid-1980s Bangladesh initiated an early retort to the HIV outbreak. People are unprotected to Sexually Transmitted Diseases-STDs and most importantly the Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome-HIV/AIDS in this Bangladesh
control the HIV/AIDS pandemic has increased significantly in recent years, the virus continues to spread with alarming and increasing speed. By the end of 2005, an estimated 40 million people worldwide were living with HIV infection or disease, a notable rise from the 35 million infected with HIV in 2001 (UNAIDS 2005). In 2005, close to 5 million new HIV infections and 3 million AIDS deaths occurred, more of both than in any previous year. Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region most affected by HIV/AIDS;
the second largest social group to be affected by HIV/AIDS in the United Kingdom was African communities. Although studies have been previously done on the group, there has been no evidence highlighting African communities as being worse off in terms of sexual healthcare than any other ethnic groups. Yet there is continuous negative social backlash towards HIV and the elements that surround it. Contemporary statistics on HIV/AIDS indicates that HIV positive Africans may have contracted the disease