Poliovirus Essays

BALLERDA, CHRISTINE JANE B. OT 1-1 LABRADOR, KATHRYN MAE J. MS. PEGGY ANNE OBRE Movie Critique of “Awakenings” The Writer: Dr. Oliver Sacks The Director: Penny Marshall The Year the movie was shown. (Any relevant situation that triggers the writing of the script) December 22, 1990 1 The movie is based on a true story. It is from the

As the years passed by, better oxygen equipment was introduced. It was made of rubber and vinyl and has to be maintained while in use and cleaned between patients. Although it was an enhanced apparatus, there’s still work left to be done. The oxygen device was said to stick to patient's face so the mask should be removed every few hours to make sure it won't become permanently attached or break down the skin on the face. All these tasks became overwhelming for nurses because they have to do them

Animal testing has been getting worse and worse by the minute; 100 million animals die each year from the painful, death-threatening experiences. Animal testing has been around since 322 BC. Some people believe no living creature should ever be treated like that and be put in treacherous experiences that they have no say in to stop them. Others think it is a great, more realistic way for testing products we use on an everyday basis. People all over the world say it's the closest thing were ever going

In the 1950s America was struck with the poliovirus epidemic with thousands of children being infected with the crippling disease. He made a virus that made him world renown overnight, but this was the end result of many years of research (Achievement). Salk went against the grain in his development

University, monkey cells were being used to measure the quantity of antibody developed in response to the poliovirus infection. However, since there were not large enough quantities of the cells, another host cell was needed, which ended up being HeLa. With the immortality of HeLa cells and its ability to be easily infected by the poliovirus, it was an amazing alternative source, from there the poliovirus vaccine was created. Before this vaccine, right around 1953, there were close to 60,000 polio cases

Recombinant DNA technology involves combining genetic material from different sources thereby creating genetically modified organisms (GMOs) that may have never existed in nature before. Initially there was concern among molecular biologists that such organisms might have unpredictable and undesirable properties that could represent a biohazard if they escaped from the laboratory. This concern became the focus of a scientific conference held in Asilomar, CA, USA, in 1975 (45). At that meeting, safety

This could be from a rise in ‘conscientious objection’ http://www.immunise.health.gov.au/internet/immunise/publishing.nsf/Content/acir-cons-object-hist.htm, a document that exempts children from being immunized based on various reasons, including parental beliefs, which will be ineffective of 1st January 2016.The ‘Conscientious Objection’ Data shows a large rise in people objecting to the immunization of their children. December 31st 1999, only 0.23% (4, 271) of children are exempted using conscientious

Creation of the Polio Vaccine In 1952 The United States reported thousands of Polio cases- the worst U.S. epidemic on record. The Poliovirus attacked mostly children and left them with lifelong paralysis and eventually death. The viral disease attacks the nervous system in the body, mostly the arms and legs, but also in the muscles that support breathing. The Poliovirus was most often spread person-to-person with simple contact, causing most americans to be scared. Jonas Salk and Franklin D. Roosevelt

States by affecting the lifestyle of people, attracting the attention of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and by influencing scientists to investigate and experiment to find the cure for the deadly disease. Poliomyelitis is an infectious disease caused by poliovirus, which can cause chronic paralysis and weakness in the nerves. Polio was always an issue in the early 20th century in the United States, with cases numbering the ten

Press Centre Fact Sheet by UNICEF Questions and Answers on Polio in general Q What is poliomyelitis disease? Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus that invades the nervous system and can cause total paralysis in a matter of hours. Approximately one in 200 infections leads to irreversible paralysis, usually in the legs. Among those paralysed, five to ten per cent die when their breathing muscles become immobilized. Poliomyelitis mainly affects children under 5 years

the cells were tested on, and the development for the poliovirus vaccine began. Imagine if Henrietta’s doctor did ask for her consent, and she would have said no? What if she kept her cells? The removal of some of her cells from her body caused no harm to her. It did not affect her in any way. She had no idea it even happened. Although some argue that this seemed unfair to Henrietta, she was not impacted. Lives were saved with that poliovirus vaccine, and it would not have been accomplished without

In Brave New world the elimination of diseases allows a healthy population to thrive in a disease-free environment. The elimination of diseases is done through vaccinations. Vaccinations have been around since the late 1700’s and have only continued to massively improve today. Polio and smallpox are examples of diseases that have been eradicated or nearly eliminated from the face of the earth. Vaccinations are the future of a disease free world that can easily save millions of lives. By properly

Martha Ann Lillard woke up one morning in 1953 while she was in kindergarten and she had a sore throat that became something much worse; polio. Martha Ann Lillard was diagnosed with polio at age 5 and was paralyzed from the disease. Polio made her have to stay in her house for about 60 years. The reason that she had to stay home was because she had to stay in an 800 pound iron lung which helped her breathe because her respiratory system was paralyzed. The iron lung also known as a respirator helped

The polio vaccine was tested on animals, and it reduced the global occurrence of the disease from 350,000 cases in 1988 to 223 cases in 2012. Animal testing is a controversial topic that’s sometimes overlooked and helps people and saves many lives. Living systems of human beings and animals are very complex, therefore not all of the calculations may work out. Studying cells in a petri dish doesn’t give the chance to study related processes occurring in the central nervous system, endocrine system

International chose to invest $450 million in helping to eradicate the disease by 2020, resulting in global donations reaching a milestone of $12 billion (Tindera). With that in mind, the statistics for 2017 also show that only twelve known cases of wild poliovirus were found in Afghanistan and Pakistan, an improvement when comparing to 2016 with thirty-seven reports. As long as everything stays according to plan, Bill Gates has high hopes for 2017, believing that “humanity will see its last case of polio

If you look at the ddecline in rates of death from diseases before vaccines compared to diseases being prevented from immunizations now, it would be absurd not to take the 30 seconds it takes to receive the vaccines that prevent those diseases. Right now, vaccine-preventable diseases are at the lowest that they have ever been. With these proven facts, yet we still have some of the population that refuses vaccines. Not for religious or medical purposes, but just because they refuse to get vaccinated

discover new ways to vaccinate. “The polio vaccination was by far the one of the greatest vaccination achievements ever made… Despite these setbacks came the more precise attenuation of the polioviruses (Tolsma 4)” With the advancements of the poliovirus, scientist are now able to created vaccinations for other diseases. “In addition to polio vaccinations, vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis, varicella, and HPV are also prevalent. (Tolsma 4)” Legally, there have been many debates with

Harjinder Kaur May.17, 2016 Animal Testing: Inhumanity or Science? The idea of using animals in research has been a widely controversial subject for many years, is it inhumanity or science? Every being holds their own perspective towards animals. They may consider animals as machine-like creatures with no consciousness, while others view animals as spiritual creatures who have feelings and emotions just like human beings. For decades, animals have been used for further experimental research

the California condor, black-footed ferret, and the tamarins of Brazil. If vaccines were not tested on animals, millions of animals would have died from rabies, distemper, feline leukemia, infectious hepatitis virus, tetanus, anthrax, and canine poliovirus. We have helped animals who otherwise might not have survived. Many people believe most experiments on animals are flawed wasting the lives of animal subjects. While this maybe true we can improve on this, that reason should not stop people from

tuberculosis were common and combined with bad health care services made easily prevented diseases fatal. The outbreak of Ebola in Africa points to the shortage of medical and/or emergency services. I watched my cousin helplessly died to the hands of Poliovirus. As a kid, I was denied polio immunization in combination to no access to clean water and basic medical needs. This inadequacies made becoming a medical doctor, advocating for these disease eradication or providing a polio vaccines to a kid in Africa