Elaeis Guineensis Research Paper

1. Introduction
Elaeis guineensis is a species of African palm, which native to the humid tropical region of west Africa that now grows wildly on tropical are of America, Africa, and Southeast Asia. Oil Palm needs high temperature (22-33℃) with more than 6 hours of daily sunshine and rainfall should be between 1500 and 2500 mm, equally distributed around the year, but more than 2 consecutive dry months would produce a decline in yield and more than 3 months would give a serious limitation. (Lubis and Adiwiganda (1996) ). It grows on variety of soils ranging from sandy soils to lateritic red and yellow podzols, young volcanic soils, alluvial clays and peat soils – which available in Indonesia with wide range of fertility group (Obire and Putheti 2010; Lubis and Adiwiganda 1996).
Palm oil is the world’s most traded vegetable oil; main products are crude palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel oil (PKO) - which is extracted from the fruit of the Elaeis guineensis. Palm oil has a growing demand not only in the commercial food but also in oleo-chemical industries

2004). Spatial location could also influence soil microbial composition, especially if microbial taxa are dispersal limited, resulting in spatial autocorrelation of microbial communities (e.g. Ettema andWardle 2002; Fierer and Ladau 2012). 2009). Moreover, changes in precipitation and temperature can affect soil microbial communities directly by altering their growth and activity but also indirectly via effects on the vegetation (Bardgett, Freeman, & Ostle, 2008). Thus, response of soil microorganisms to environmental parameters has important implications for crop productivity and the long-term suitability of a soil to