Central Nervous System Research Paper

Neurons transmit information to each other and to muscles, organs and glands. The nerve impulse is sent from the axon of one neuron to the dendrite of another neuron. The neuromuscular junction as labeled in Part A of this assignment, shows that there is a space between the axon of a neuron and the motor plate of the muscle cell. The two parts do not actually touch each other. When the football player’s brain sends a message to move during the game, the nerve impulse is sent from neuron to muscle cell. The space (synapse) between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle cell is called a neuromuscular junction. The axon of the motor neuron contains synaptic vesicles which contains thousands of molecules of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This acetylcholine is released into the space between the axon and the muscle cell. The muscle cell membrane has receptors to accept or to bond with the acetylcholine. This region is called the motor end plate. When the acetylcholine bonds with the protein receptors in the motor end plate, sodium and potassium gates in the region open at the same time

They have the ability to transmit the signals among the nerve cells. They had known as neurons. Also, communicate the information throughout the body and brain. The brain utilizes neurotransmitters to inform the lungs, heart and stomach to do their functions. Those like, lungs to breath, heart to beat and stomach to digest. In addition, they having the ability to affect the mood, weight, concentration, sleep might cause unfavorable symptoms. While they balanced in the out of range. Neurotransmitter level might be exhausted in several ways. There are two types of neurotransmitters

To begin, the integumentary system also known as the skin, is the part of the body that meets the air. The skin is the largest organ in the body that comprises 15% of body weight. The skin has various functions, which are to regulate temperature, sensory perception, blood pressure control, excretory, and etc. One major function of the skin is to protect. The skin is the protective covering of the body that prevents the invasion of microorganisms. The skin consists of two layers the epidermis and the dermis. The first layer of the skin is the epidermis which contains stratified squamous epithelium.

Nerve cells create connections with one another so that the sensory information may reach the brain in the form of impulses. The growth of brain is very rapid during the initial years of life. As the neuron matures, it spreads out many branches, out of which the axons pass the information out and the dendrites receive in the information. Thus, the number of synaptic contacts between the neurons increases. At the time of birth, each neuron present in the cerebral cortex has about 2500 synapses. This number increases to approximately 15000 synapses per neuron [7]. Average adult brain has about 7500 synapses per neuron. As the person grows up, the old connections get eliminated and this process is known as synaptic pruning [8]. The weaker synaptic connections get deleted and the stronger contacts are strengthened so as to increase the efficiency of the transmission between the neurons. The connections which get more frequent activations are kept

There are two main organs/ structures that are affected by epilepsy. These structures are the brain and the nervous system. The brain, which is located in the skull, is the largest and most complex organ in the body. It is known as the coordination center, and its role consists of coordinating the areas of sensation, intellectual, and nervous activity. The nervous system is how the body transmits signals between different parts of the body. It consists of two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The central nervous system, which is found in the brain and the spinal cord, is the control center for where decisions are made. The peripheral nervous system is located throughout the body, and it sends signals

The somatosensory system is the part of the sensory system concerned with the conscious perception of touch, pressure, pain, temperature, position, movement, and vibration, which arise from the muscles, joints,

It is responsible for the secretion of hormones and processing of emotional responses. In addition, it deals with storage of memories, that is, determining which memories are stored and where those memories are stored.Other functions include autonomic responses as a result of fear and in initiating arousal. It forms part of the limbic system.

An understanding of the nervous system, specifically of the pituitary gland, is required to understand cancers found in the system. The nervous system is essential to live, for its functions include memory storage, motor function, sensory processing, regulation of body functions, and thought processes. The nervous system is anatomically divided into the central and peripheral nervous systems. The peripheral nervous system consists of the nerves found throughout the body while the brain and spinal cord makes up the central system. Cancers can be found throughout the nervous system, including the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is located in the brain; therefore, it is part of the central nervous system, directly behind

Part of the brain stem 's job is to control your involuntary muscles — the ones that work automatically, without you even thinking about it. There are involuntary muscles in the heart and stomach, and it 's the brain stem that tells your heart to pump more blood when you 're biking or your stomach to start digesting your lunch. The brain stem also sorts through the millions of messages that the brain and the rest of the body send back and forth. Whew! It 's a big job being the brain 's secretary! Pituitary

The two branches of the ANS system are SNS which stands for sympathetic nervous system and the PNS which stands for parasympathetic nervous system. The SNS triggers the “fight or flight” response, it originated in the spinal cord. SNS prepares the body to put our energy and to protect it from effects of injury. SNS shuts the gut down, speeds up the heart, increases blood pressure, dilates pupils, makes more glucose available in the blood for energy. PNS is sometimes referred to as the “rest and digest” system. The PNS acts to replace and recover from the activities of living. The PNS acts in the opposite of SNS, but they are complementary to one another.

The integumentary system is responsible for many things, such as providing an external covering (skin) for our bodies, forming organs (sweat and oil glands), and creating tissues (nerves, connective, muscle, and epithelial). The skin is known as the largest organ of the human body. The integumentary system has numerous functions such as: protecting the body’s internal living tissues and organs, protects against invasion by infectious organisms, protects the body from dehydration, acts as a receptor for touch, pressure, pain, heat, and cold, and many more . This system works with all of the other systems of the body to maintain the internal conditions that a human body needs to function.

The main function of the somatic nervous system is control the movement of voluntary muscle according to the conscious environmental perception. Although the sensory impulses arise from the environmental stimuli in the peripheral nervous system motor responses starts in the central nervous system. A simple reflex arc contains three parts. The sensory input determines the sensory perception like pain, vision and central processor in the synapse of the spinal cord and the output through the motor neuron. The central processor mainly involves in the integration of nerve impulse.

It was interesting to learn the process of how a central nervous system (CNS) drug is approved. The fact of only about 8.2 percent of CNS drugs make it to clinical trials, while 15 percent of other types of drugs make it. CNS drugs seem to be more regulated, as it has a high risk due to its potential effects on the brain and spinal cord. There’s no telling what the drug can actually do to the CNS, until it is administered. Priority review or the fast track application are two options to speed up the time to getting approved, since some drugs take 18 years to be put on the market. The aspect of submitting parts of a drug for approval, instead of submitting the whole item seems to be a valid statement to getting the drug approved faster. By

Healthcare in today’s society focuses on a reactive frame of mind; providing care to those who are already ill or injured instead of a proactive approach to prevent healthy individuals from needing care. Massage therapy takes a different approach to health than the rest of the health care system, physiotherapy and chiropractic included. While most other practitioners are trained to get an injured individual back to their daily activities, massage therapists not only have the ability to prevent a healthy individual from getting injured but also maintain and improved their daily lives.

spinal cord. The brainstem is like a hard drive of a computer and it is the main control