This essay will be discussing the various discourses that have been introduced in the given text ‘Smuggled Bushmeat is Ebola’s Back Door to America’, regarding the phenomenal Ebola outbreak that took over the media not only in Africa but internationally. Ebola virus disease or Ebola haemorrhagic fever is an illness that was carried by fruit bats then transferred to human beings. The disease can only be transferred from person to person through skin contact and release of body fluids. The disease was first discovered and originated from Central Africa in 1976, effecting many African people from central Africa then soon enough spreading across to the West of Africa as we know today. In 2014, the Ebola outbreak had mainly effected the West Africans, …show more content…
Discourse can be defined as being a form of communication. It is the dominant ideologies, concepts and ideas that are thought by the majority of society through the process of reasoning. In relation to the topic in the article involving the outbreak of Ebola and the concept of discourses, there are many arising discourses that have been mentioned in the article. Important terms that arise from the article are; discourses, interaction norms, issues of power and representation of Africa in the media. In this essay, the thesis approach will deal with how discourses have been reproduced through the negative representations of Africa about Ebola and what the world thinks of Africa. Discourses to be discussed are; power discourse, race based discourse and third world …show more content…
The media has placed a big role in the sculpturing of Africa and the Ebola outbreak. For example the tweet on Twitter, which is a global communication tool used to interact with the world, from Donald Trump sparked much buzz and controversy as to what the America may be possibly be thinking about Africa and the people of Africa especially West Africans. The tweet reads ‘Stop the EBOLA patients from entering the U.S. Treat them, at the highest level, over there. THE UNITED STATES HAS ENOUGH PROBLEMS!’ this comment summarises the assumed thoughts of the non-African Americans. This tweet has power in the media, and has power over the thoughts of many of his followers and it influences the way people think of Africa and how serious the Ebola outbreak has impacted Africans. It shows the power discourse, and how influential media can play in today’s society. However, to counter argue the negative use of Ebola, social media has managed to bring more awareness to the Africa continent and many more countries across the globe. It has made people more cautious and aware of how serious the disease and what impact it can have on person’s
The Salem Witch trials were a result of a spiritual/religious movement with the goal of uncovering and eliminating supposed witchcraft, while the Red Scare was a political movement with the goal of uncovering and eliminating communists in the U.S. Ebola is not a spiritual movement, nor a political movement, although in an article, Paul Vallely writes “Ebola is a medical disease and a political disease” (Vallely). The hysteria and stigma surrounding Ebola has created a bubble of fear and paranoia over the U.S. which has prompted Americans to make grandiose and irrational claims, going as far
The readers are then introduced to the Ebola Sudan case in which Mr.
In the Hot Zone, Richard Preston demonstrates how devastating Ebola and other filoviruses can be to large populations. In the book, Preston describes true events during an outbreak of Ebola virus at a Monkey facility in Reston, Virginia in 1980. He also gives background from other viral outbreaks in Africa in the 1970’s and 1980’s.
A discourse community is a group of people who share a common interest, ambition, and hobby; they use communication to achieve certain goals or issues that they have encountered. There are many discourse communities all over the world, and many of us are in one or more discourse communities; however, they might not even know it. In life, each person will eventually be a part of a discourse community. A discourse community has many definitions; John Swales defines discourse communities as, groups that have goals or purpose, and use communication to achieve these goals. According to “The Concept of Discourse Community,” by instructors and researcher John Swales, there are six requirements that are required to form a discourse community.
The Black Death was a pandemic that affected a large part of the world in the 1346–1353 that was spread by the fleas on rats and i 'll be answering various of questions about the Black Death. How did the Black Death affect a large part of the world, well it spread by the fleas on the black rats it got to the people is by bacteria the of the fleas infecting the black rats and it got to people and made them really sick. It made people sick by killing the tissue and turning the dead tissue under the skin black with the persons who had the Black Death died within the couple days after they got the black death. How could have the Black Death could 've been prevented, well it could have been prevented by washing your hands like having good
Now that technology connects all corners of the Earth, Isabel Evans shares her input on the effects of social media. In her article, “Head in the (Instagrammed) Clouds” published by the Harvard Crimson in 2013, Isabel Evans discusses the impact of social media on everyday life. Evans’ purpose is to emphasize the role of these applications on the world. She uses a tone that is casual yet urgent to express her concern for the time wasted using social media. Throughout her article, Evans identifies with her audience, illustrates her ideas, and appeals to nostalgia to examine the negative effects of social media.
Some groups connect straightforwardly to only a couple key leaders or constituencies, while others act all the more by implication by broadcasting their message to as wide a group of people as could be expected under the circumstances. Gamson and Wolfsfeld (1993) proposed that social movements depend on the media for three fundamental functions, (1) assembly of political bolster, (2) legitimisation (or acceptance) in the mainstream discourse, and (3) to widen the extent of contentions. Consequently, the quality and nature of the media scope that social movements acquire unequivocally impacts how they are seen in public – to the degree that great or terrible coverage can make or break a social movement (p.114). In relation to the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement, it can be argued that mainstream media outlets have had both a positive and negative effect on the national organisations growth and aim to rebuild the Black Liberation Movement.
We communicate in many ways, either by email, telephone, text, face to face, social media or letters and the language we use allows us to get things done, nonetheless the language and communication method in which we chose to use can vary depending on the discourse community. Much like John Swales suggests a discourse community involves a group of people who share the same common public goals, such as shared interests, rules, structure, and vocabulary. When thinking about the several discourse communities I am evolved in, which include family, coaching football, college student, and a few friends. These discourse communities have influenced me, given me insight of where I come from and tell who I am as a person. I also believe much like Swales,
According to “The Concept of Discourse Community”, there are six defining characteristics of a discourse community, Having common goals, Participatory mechanism, Information exchange, Community specific genres, Highly specialized terminology, and a High level of experience in all. The discourse community has a broadly agreed set of common public goals and there are many ways to participate but it varies based on the community like meetings, telecommunications correspondence, newsletters, and conversations. It also uses participatory mechanisms to provide information and feedback, and specific genres are unique communication forms used by a discourse community to share specialized knowledge and discuss topics relevant to their interests. In conclusion, Swales' reading defines discourse communities as cohesive groups that share a common enthusiasm and use distinct communication practices to achieve their
A discourse community is a group of people that share a set of values and goals. Members of a discourse community have their own way of communicating within the group and with the public. Although the communities may differ in subject matter and appearance, they do share varying levels of similarities. The three-discourse communities that we will be focusing on are: art, research biology and finance: specifically, the financial service sector. Furthermore, we will be comparing the three-discourse communities on: similarities among all the groups, similarities between each group and the differences among all three.
It can be difficult to understand what it means to be a discourse or what communities fall under that category, and that is why I feel like John Swales’ definition of a discourse community is the the one that makes the most sense and the one that almost anybody can apply to communities they are part of and determine if they are discourses or not. Even though Gee and Porter had good points regarding discourses and good arguments, one almost had to be a linguist to fully understand what they were saying. They did help Swales get his point across more clearly in some instances though. Thanks to Swales I now know for a fact that my English 1113 class is a discourse community and I achieved that by following the six rules Swales presented as necessary to be a discourse community. Gee, James P. “Literary, Discourse, and Linguistics.”
The 18th century had been a world of unknown scientific and medical exploration. Across the globe, many kingdoms and countries had faced a similar complication that baffled even the most educated physicians and politicians. Every summer civilians would meet with their local doctors and grumble about their bodily issues, but each doctor had discovered the same symptoms. On August 3, 1793 the city of Philadelphia had a devastating disease lurking in the streets and alleyways. Jim Murphy, an American author of “An American Plague”, is an author to more than 35 nonfiction and fiction books for children and young adults, also winning multiple awards for his accurate and such accomplished work.
News media experts have noted that Hurricane Katrina in 2005 was the first demonstration of how disaster response was changing and that individuals possessed “an unprecedented capacity to access, share, create and apply information” (Nachison, 2005). The use of social media facilitated collaborative online efforts to locate missing people and emergency housing, and coordinate volunteers (Nelson et al., 2010 as cited in Goldfine, 2011). Hurricane Katrina was one of the first natural disasters that “marked the coming of age of participatory media” (Haddow & Haddow, 2009). During Hurricane Katrina, social media was established as the ‘go-to’ platform for information (PR Newswire, 2011). As this disaster occurred when the internet was gaining popularity,
understand the 'hidden face' of power as in Steven Lukes' (1974) “three faces of power” it is necessary to explore beyond what initially appears from a policy decision or political standpoint. The realms in which the media operate can be quite complex, gauging an understanding to these is essential when trying to understand the various sources of power that the media controls and hence can manipulate. There have been numerous theories and theorists which have been introduced throughout this course regarding various conceptions of power, the 'two faces' view of Bachrach and Baratz (1970) provided the framework for the view on power. However, it was not until Lukes (1974) “three faces of power” theory which expanded on the work of Bachrach and
A discourse in this understanding is not based on the classical distinction between thought and action, it “(…) is about the production of knowledge through language. But it is itself produced by a practice: “discursive practice” – the practice of producing meaning” (Hall, 2006:165). It follows that because all social practices involve meaning, all practices necessarily have a discursive side. A discourse is comparable to what sociologists would call an ‘ideology’. It is composed of statements and/or beliefs that shape knowledge in the interest of one particular group.