Rome and Carthage, the two-superpower at the time, had numbers of similarities, differences, advantages and weakness. In this paper, I will explain the strength of the two-mighty empire which existed in ancient times. In addition to that, what lead Rome to become a naval power and how did they achieve that.
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In the early years of the Roman Republic, a civilization in northern Africa almost as powerful as Rome was expanding her influence in several continents. Carthage grows into a trading and commercial empire in parts of Africa, Asia, and Europe. Rome became concerned as Carthage influence near home was getting stronger, especially in the Western Mediterranean region and Spain. Carthage wealth gives an advantage over Rome as they build a powerful navy and they were able to afford a mercenary army. According to Mark (2011). “She had a powerful navy, a mercenary army and, through tribute, tariffs, and trade, enough wealth to do as she pleased. Through a treaty with the small city of Rome, she barred Roman trade in the
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In sixty days from a broken Carthaginian vessel with Roman enthusiasm and efficiency, they have built one hundred similar ships. Additionally, by recognizing the Roman soldiers’ superiority and the need for retraining for sea battles they improved their chances to face the Carthaginians. Furthermore, the engineering of drawbridges added an easier access for soldier’ to board and attack nearby Carthaginian vessels. With all these efforts and changes added to the eagerness to defend Italy and her interest, Rome was on her way to becoming a naval power. Soon the Romans were able to celebrate the first victory at Mylae (B.C. 260) where the Roman fleet with the command of Duilius defeated the Carthaginians and either sink or captured their fifty ships. Morey
Armies began growing impacting the control over the Italian peninsula; launching three wars against Carthage. For example, the Punic wars were taken place to dominate the western Mediterranean. But, by the early second century BCE, Rome had control over the Mediterranean coastline. Transforming in the wave of production from agricultural being manufactured to mine goods. Roman’s build roads to creating towns but, was placed to control the flow of commerce.
At the beginning of the first millennium CE, the Roman Empire began to conquer the territory around the Mediterranean Sea. Smaller countries feared the Roman Empire because of their great strength. The Roman Empire acquired great wealth, territories, and a reputation as a strong and feared empire. But, as time passed the problems within the Empire accumulated and the state of Roman Empire began to deteriorate before collapsing in 476 CE.
The Influential Roman Empire As historians look back on the mighty Greek and Roman Empires, they can reflect on the great organization of these civilizations. The precise organization of these empires has contributed greatly to the development of many nations, mainly modern day America. Although Greece contributed many beneficial ideas and techniques to modern day America, Rome was more influential through trade networks, its democratic government, and its noticeable cultural achievements. America’s ways of trading are based on some techniques used by the Greeks, but are more notably influenced by the Romans. To begin, Greece was forced to trade because of their lack of resources.
Caesar’s military accomplishments played a vital role in restoring Rome. The various endeavours Caesar undertook as a military commander during the 58 – 50 BC Gallic wars benefitted Rome immensely, as Caesar subdued Gaul, made leeway in previously uncharted Britain, (source 5) established loyalties and increased the state of finances. Plutarch, a Greek-born Roman historian, praises “Caesars achievements [which] surpass [that of the greatest generals]” (source 5). Despite a one century detachment from events and pro-imperial nature (unseen), Plutarch offers a fairly reliable viewpoint. It could be inferred Caesar would have been unable to strengthen and expand Rome without such military capabilities.
Rome started expanding with its eyes first set on Sicily unfortunately it was loyal to Carthage. This first clash seemed an inevitable failure for Rome, however they triumphed. This set the stage for future expansion, Rome’s thirst for trade goods was quite healthy after all they had to maintain their population
The conquest of Gaul by the Romans was a very key moment throughout ancient history. Gaul was captured by the Romans between the years 58 BC to 51 BC. Julius Cesar led an army campaign that would forever change the Roman empire. This conquest finally solidified Rome's power over Gaul and gave them control over the land that they were looking for. This ultimately shaped the later years in ancient history.
(Potter, pg.68) Finally, Rome was able to defeat the last Carthaginian fleet which left Carthage unable to supply their troops stationed in Italy. (Potter, pg.69) A treaty was drawn which included the ability of Carthage to keep all of their territories except for Sicily and a rather small amount of money that they must pay
Augustus Caesar established the Roman Empire in 31 B.C.E. after inheriting the throne from his great-uncle, Julius Caesar. At the time of his rising to power Rome was in shambles due to multiple civil wars. In order to bring unification back to Rome, “Augustus allied with Marc Antony to reunify Rome by killing off most of its enemies in two of the bloodiest battles in the history of the Roman Empire” (Blackwell). Through many hard fought and costly battles Augustus never gave up however, and pushed his forces to keep on fighting.
1600 years ago the mediterranean people were doing the same thing that us modern day people are doing now, conquering, claiming, and fighting, but why were they doing this, and who were they doing it too? The Roman empire was one of the strongest empires in history, the “superpower of the Mediterranean world”. In 750 BCE Rome was founded and over time Rome’s wealth, territory, and popularity grew and grew as time went on. They conquered the land of Scotland and Spain, began to control the whole Mediterranean sea, established some colonies around North Africa, the middle east, Asia Minor, and Egypt. They were beginning to expand their empire into almost the entire continents of Asia, Europe, and Africa.
For example, if an invasion was occurring in Egypt. But the bulk of their armies were stationed in the city of Rome the general could load them into ships and send them by sea which is much faster than traveling by foot which any land-locked countries like Mongolia would have to do. Fully surrounding the Meditteranean was also very useful in creating trade routes between major cities throughout the empire. Eventually, the empire grew so big that it had to be split in two, the Western Roman Empire being controlled by Rome, and the Eastern by Constantinople.
According to Morey (1901), Carthage was a wealthier nation with brilliant leaders, rich in commercial resources. It had a more powerful navy and they showed their greatness in their successes. On the other hand, Rome was better organized and had a more efficient army. It depended on the well-organized political system and the character of its people.
In this essay I will endeavor to examine Carthage and compare and contrast how its power rivaled Rome, I will look at the many similarities and differences in their way of life, and also how they came into conflict with each other. Carthage came into being in the ninth century B.C and traces its roots to the Phoenicians, who were a hardy race of sea farers based around the area of what is now known as Lebanon. They established many trading routes and partnerships throughout the Mediterranean Sea and even along the Atlantic coast. Carthage rapidly grew from a small port to a thriving trade hub and the epicenter of Phoenician commerce, this growth was accelerated by the arrival of many wealthy citizens of Tyre, the Phoenician capital, when
This time would be difficult for citizens as Rome began to fall. Expansion became the enemy of Rome because they couldn’t keep all of the cities in
Due to the expansion, it was hard for the rulers and government officials to communicate and protect the Empire. Therefore Romans ruled over more land than they could manage. The Roman Empire was stretched across Europe, much of middle East, and the north coast of Africa. It surrounded the Mediterranean. Since all those places came under the Roman Empire, the rulers had to protect
“If you must break the law, do it to seize power: in all other cases observe it”- Julius Caesar, the man who is known as one of the most fascinating political figures of all time. The one who through his military genius, expanded the Roman Republic to include parts of what are now Spain, France, Germany, Switzerland, and Belgium. Although the hero had many followers and admirers, he was ultimately stabbed to death by his own fellow politicians. Caesar was born in July, 100 B.C.E to Gaius Caesar and Aurelia. The family claimed a noble history but hadn’t produced many influential people till then.