Niya Sheppard AP World History Period- 5 September 2, 2016 Unit 2 - Chapter 4 Eurasian Empires, 500 BCE - 500 CE How did Persian and Greek civilization differ in there political organization and values ? The Persian political organization was much larger than the Greek political organization. The Persians had one state that stretched from Egypt to India, while the Greeks had small settlements and about 100 independent city-states.
This showed the citizen that they had some control and created a strong government following in the people and helped eliminate the chance of uprisings. The han however had no citizen participation in their government their emperor held all the power in government. A main way to maintain control in this system was using harsh and excessive punishment.
For example, Liu Bang provided land grants to his military supporters and relatives who had helped to overthrow the Qin dynasty. ( IN TEXT CITATION 2) With, both empires developing similar aspects of a bureaucracy ensuring power. Both, differ because the Han dynasty developed its bureaucracy from the confucian ideas and education. While, the Roman empire was founded on Roman law. Confucianism as a state of orthodoxy, it shared a similar interest between the government and local elites.
Another factor that shows the difference between Athens and Han China are their types of government. Document 4 is a quote from Pericles, an Athenian leader. Pericles stated, “Our form of government is called a democracy because its administration is in the hands, not of a few, but of the whole peoples” (Doc 4). This quote here shows the main difference between Han China and Classical Athens. IN Athens, which upholds direct democracy, all free male citizens are entitled to vote, while in China, only the emperor and his advisors can.
They believed that the government should use law and punishment to end civil disorder. They also believed that a strong government was key to the system of legalism. After the Zhou dynasty was replaced by the Qin dynasty, legalist ideals were employed within the new dynasty. The Emperor of this new dynasty was named Shi Huangdi, which translates to " the
For territories of their magnitude, Han China and Rome were well-structured empires that maintained order. Laws and regulations, applying to all people, were established to form a controlled state. Han China adopted the philosophy of legalism, which enforced the concept of harsh punishments
Rome from 71 BCE to 476 BCE and Han China from 206 BCE to 220 BCE are two very well-known classical empires. These two empires have similarities and differences in their political systems, religion, and social structure. The romans had a democratic government whereas China had a singular ruler. Imperial Rome was monotheistic and Han China was polytheistic. While they both had similar class structures, China had a three tiered social system and the Romans only had two divisions in their class structure.
During the time period 221-206 BCE, the Qin dynasty had a strict rule over ancient China, the philosophy they used to keep a. Legalism was a very violent philosophy used in Ancient China, it was based upon the belief that all humans were evil and were more likely to do more wrong deeds, than right. Legalism was a system that was based upon discipline and harshness, it was meant to scare the citizens of China into doing whatever the ruler wanted without having a second thought. Legalism during the Qin Dynasty resulted in a huge loss of life and culture (Mark, Ancient.eu), and it also caused a widespread fear of free thought, and doing anything wrong. Since classical China, the government has changed so that the severity of punishments and law
It says in TCI that the Han made improvements on the Chinese governments and they softened the harsh rules and brought back Confucianism into that government. It says in the text “The government of China during this time functioned as a bureaucracy. A bureaucracy is a large organization that operates using a fixed set of rules and conditions.” this shows that the government changed because of the Hans and for that better, with a bureaucracy it was strong and effective. During this time it says in the text that “They had many responsibilities, including overseeing the maintenance of roads and canals.”
Qin and Song both didn’t keep a strong army. Next, these are some differences between the two. The Qin dynasty were bribed and the money went to their wants. The Qin also, did not maintain the canals and lots of floods happened. The Song dynasty, had political corruption and invasion of external tribes forced the Northern Song court into decline.
In conclusion, the two civilizations believed in entirely different ways to govern themselves and they both had completely different values of individuals. Athens had a strong confidence in each male citizen, believing that men were higher over all. They believed each man should engage in government and contribute their thoughts. On the other hand, Han China did not cherish the individual, instead, they believed men were a part of nature. They also believed that people should behave, be kind to others, and let the higher classes govern
The Han Dynasty is predominantly concerned with laws and education when trying to regulate their citizens. They use Legalist and Confucius teachings as a baseline for how they rule. Furthermore, emperor Han Wudi created the Confucian Education System to teach future government officials discipline and loyalty to elders, especially the emperor. This lowered the chance that bureaucrats would betray them. While men doing government services were disciplined, the government used strict laws and their military to maintain order in the community.
The Qin and Han Dynasties were similar in that they both believed in a strong centralized government, which strengthened and unified their empires, but they differed in that the Qin followed the strict Legalism while the Han followed the more flexible Confucianism, and the way they interacted with outsiders; the Qin tended to be more defensive of outsiders while the Han were more interactive and wanted to build relationships with foreigners. First, the Qin and Han Dynasties believed in a strong centralized government. The implementation of a strong centralized government led to the success and growth of their dynasties. The centralized government creates a pyramid of power and influence, with the main leader, the emperor, on top.
Both of these dynasties are very similar, especially the fact that both were culturally rich and known to be “Golden Ages” in Chinese history. Both of these dynasties saw many advances in technology, with the invention of the compass and paper. Trade with other countries was a major occurrence during both the Han and Song Dynasty. Another factor that connects these two dynasties is the fact that they both use a common written language for those who were educated. The examination taken in order to receive a government position that was started during the Han Dynasty was also used during the Song Dynasty, so that people born into class were not automatically given government positions, but those who were intellectual and capable to hold a position were given the opportunity.
The Han Dynasty in China and the Roman Empire shared many similarities and differences when it came to political rule and the nature of their political authority. The most significant difference between the two is how the Han dynasty enacted policies that were shaped to counter the wrongdoings of the previous Qin dynasty, whereas the Roman Empire enacted policies shaped to create and promote peace and stability. The difference in the two empire’s coming to power was to account for their variance in political rule. After the Qin dynasty, the Han ruled China for four centuries, enacting numerous political changes and governing one of the most efficacious dynasties in Chinese history.
