ABSTRACT
This paper deals with the environmental accounting with special reference to the cost analysis of the environmental degradation. This paper also includes the policy analysis of the international institutions like WHO and United Nations. The research has highlighted the side effect of the material consumption of which has lead to environmental degradation in sense of large amount of carbon emission, drop in the pH levels of water, land degradation due to huge amount of waste production and over all drop in elements of nature due to poor waste management.
This degradation has not only effected environment but also has economic effect on nations. The paper deals with analysis of this cost that developed economies are bearing due to
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It can be conducted at the corporate level or at the level of systematic accounting of environment, a satellite system to the National Accounts of Countries. Environmental accounting is a field that identifies resource use, measures and communicates costs of a company’s or national economic impact on the environment. Costs include costs to clean up or remediate contaminated sites, environmental fines, penalties and taxes, purchase of pollution prevention technologies and waste management …show more content…
Cost of environmental degradation reports were also prepared for Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Syria during the period 2001-2004. Based on the reports, regional training programs were conducted in Egypt (December 2002), Lebanon (August 2003) and Morocco (January 2004) with participants from the ministries of environment, sector ministries, research institutes, and the private
On December 2, 1970, the Environmental Protection Agency was established. The Environmental Protection Agency, EPA, was created due to an elevated concern on pollution. Since being established, the EPA has committed to improving human health and improving the environment. The EPA was first proposed by President Richard Nixon and it began operating in December 1970. The agency works will all levels of government to create and enforce regulations and laws.
That forced global trade down by 65 percent.” That means, the world-trade turned in dangerous, cooperation and income have declined in all capitalism countries. It also, contributed the start of the World War
One of the big environmental issues here in Connecticut over the past few years is the high dying rate of bees. It has been reported by some of our local beekeepers that they are losing about 30% of all honeybee colonies each winter. This has adversely affected Connecticut’s almond, apple, strawberries and alfalfa productions, and costing millions annually. Scientists have identified several possible causative factors which include global warming, habitat loss, parasites and insecticides. Ethical extensionism, the argument that environmental ethics that moral standing should to be extended to things that traditionally are not thought to have moral standing, would argue that it is morally wrong to use insecticides that are killing local bee
" Environmental Quality Management, vol. 11, no. 3, Spring 2002, pp. 79-84. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=8gh&AN=6536798. Accessed 26 Mar. 2017. Brooks, Charles.
Now in 21th century, globalization is defined as a process to improve different culture to communicate with each other, including economic, political and environmental aspects. It provides Spain the greatest opportunities to develop their economy, tourism, education and cultural industries. In addition to positive aspects globalization in this day also exist some hidden risks. According to Trading Economics (2016) the unemployment rate in Spain is close to 25% in recent years, which would increase the pressure to the local labor market. Furthermore, the growth in the number of temporary workers has brought adverse effects to
External environmental issues which impact the financial services organizations, strategic Planning have been vital to make any financial service organization survive for long term. External environment comprises of all the elements which are present outside the boundary of the organization and have the capacity to affect either part or the whole organization. IN order to understand any financial organization we need to analyse its domain which exists in the external sectors of the organization (RamaRao, 2010). The niche of the organization forms the organizational domain and also defines all the externals sectors which with the organization will interact in order to accomplish its goals.
Environmental analysis of Wal-Mart includes the external environment factors that may affect the performance of Wal-Mart. Typically external environment includes competitors of Wal-Mart, the advantages and disadvantages of these competitors, the way that Wal-Mart distinguishes itself from its competitors and macro-economic factors that affect the performance of Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart is one of the largest retail companies in the world with more than $ 400 billion annual sales, 4,100 branches in the United States and 3,500 stores outside the U.S. (“External And Internal Environmental Analysis Of Wal-Mart”). In the year of 2009, Wal-Mart became the highest-volume grocery store in America, obtaining a 21 percent share of the grocery marke and almost
A Case Study on Polluter’s Dilemma I. Background/Point of View On a small plastic manufacturing, Jonica Gunson works as an environmental compliance manager. The company where she is working with is now facing a serious situation that needs to have a fast and decisive decision, decision whether to invest or not to invest money on new technology that will help decrease or as possible eliminate the level of toxic in the water which is flowing from the back of the factory up to lake. Though the company is compliant with the levels of emissions set by the Environmental Management board, the manager sees that environmental procedures for this specific toxic are sheathing behind logical evidence, particularly that there is a protest from a certain scientist that is publish in the newspaper.
Also many companies reporting related to the state of the value added or environmental information, these are concentrated in industrial sectors. The financial statements reflect the financial position of company, financial performance and cash flows of the company, it is significant to note that the correct depiction of the impacts of transactions and other events and circumstances according to the explanations and criteria identification of assets, liabilities, income and expenses go in the same outline (Brealey,
Review of Literature Environmental issues began to be discussed and debated only towards the end of the 20th century. Since then significant amount of literature has been penned down raising awareness about issues of pollution, deforestation, animal rights and several others however it has failed to result in major changes, ideas or even actions to save the environment. Several species of animals have become extinct; pollution level is at an all-time high, global warming is leading to severe climate changes all across the globe but these problems do not seem to alarm the decision makers. Leydier & Martin (2013) also states that, “despite the increasing expression of concern in political and media debates about issues such as climate change, pollution and threats to biodiversity, “political ecology” (operating at the confluence of scientific developments, political engagement and ethical debates) is still trying to find its bearings” (p.7). It is quite evident that environmental issues are not treated in equivalence to political, economic, social or even religious issues.
Industrial and capital hubs in developing countries are similarly characterized by multiple urban sprawls, informal settlements and overcrowding. The local governments or municipalities in many developing countries are highly challenged by mainly poor or weak policy and legislative provisions to regulate and enforce waste management guidelines. They also lack adequate funding and the correct capacity in terms of waste management personnel. All these challenges lead to situations where these local authorities are failing to take effective decisions with regards to solid waste management. It is worth noting that the decisions which municipalities are facing in terms of managing solid waste are not only difficult and capital intensive but they impact greatly on the natural environment as well as on social lives of people, therefore solutions to this issue are a matter of
Most of the waste produced on land is either intentionally or unconsciously discharged into the oceans. Marine pollution and aquatic debris can utterly destroy the oceans causing extinction of the marine creatures. Innovative techniques should be implemented in the law to prevent the marine environment from any further damage. In order to improve the marine environment, the government and the Environment Public Authority of Kuwait should take immediate actions that can influence the society and help in minimizing aquatic debris and pollution. Aquatic littering and marine pollution can be caused by a number of different sources.
One of the foundations of sustainable development is efficient environmental management (UNEP 2002). However, balancing the needs of current generations without compromising the environment for future generations poses to be quite problematic. A number of environmental decision-making instruments have been developed in an attempt to ensure that development is sustainable. One of the most popular of these is environmental impact assessment (EIA). This essay will be based on the strengths and limitations of an Environmental Impact Assessment.
Economic globalization refers to the free movement of goods, capital, services, technology and information around the world. Since the 1990s, due to the improvement of advanced communication technologies and the rapid expansion of multinational corporations, economic globalization has become an important trend of the world economic development. This trend not only provides a broader space for international markets for all countries, but also aggravates the competition among countries for market and resources. Economic globalization is an inevitable result of the development that no country can evade. In this paper, we will discuss that economic globalization is beneficial or not to developing countries.
This paper will explore both the advantages and disadvantages that globalization has on the world. Globalization is good for economy. First, Enterprises can operate internationally, and production can be produced internationally. Similar to poor countries like Africa, although they are poor, they have a lot of cheap labor, other countries will make their goods