Metachronous Multicentric Giant cell tumor: a case report ABSTRACT Multicentric giant cell tumors represent less than 1% of all giant cell tumors of bones. We report a case of young girl with metachronous multicentric giant cell tumors with 5 documented lesions in a monomelic lower limb. The initial lesion started during the first trimester of her pregnancy around her right pelvis and resulted in rapidly progressive painful swelling with restricted mobility of her right hip joint. These tumors had typical radiological appearance and the diagnosis of giant cell tumor was confirmed on histopathology. She was managed by an aggressive surgical approach for knee and talar lesions, whereas repeated embolization was done to treat her pelvic lesion. …show more content…
Rock MG. Curettage of giant cell tumor of bone. Factors influencing local recurrences and metastasis. Chir Organi Mov 1990; 75 Suppl 1: 204-205. 7. Goldenberg RR, Campbell CJ, Bonfiglio M. Giant cell tumor of bone: an analysis of two hundred and eighteen cases. J Bone Joint Surg 1970; 52-A: 619-664. 8. Jaffe HL, Lichtenstein L, Portis RB. Giant cell tumour of bone. Its pathologic appearance, grading, supposed variants and treatment. Arch Pathol 1940; 30: 993-1031. 9. Xu SF, Adams B, Y XC et al. Denosumab and giant cell tumor of bone- a review and future management considerations. Curr Oncol Oct 2013; 20(5):e442-e447. 10. Mavrogenis AF, Rossi G, Rimondi E et al. Embolization of bone tumors. Orthopedics April 2011; 34(4): 303-310. 11. Yanagawa T, Watanabe H, Shinozaki T et al. Usefulness of FDG PET in primary bone tumors. The Open Bone Journal 2010; 2: 19-23. Learning points: • Multicentric giant cell tumors of the bone are rare entity and usually affect younger females • Multiple bone involvement can occur simultaneously (synchronous) or at different times (metachronous) • Denosumab and selective embolization of the tumour is useful palliative treatment for inoperable tumors • PET scan is an effective investigation tool for the diagnosis and evaluating these
After a few years, there was a tumor in her pituitary region. The tumor was secreting excessive amounts of growth hormone, casing symptoms to appear. She had enlarged hands and feet, coarsened, enlarged facial features, coarse, oily, thickened skin, and
Paget Disease of Bone Paget disease is a condition that makes the bones grow faster than normal. This leads to bones that are larger and weaker than normal. Healthy bones rebuild themselves by destroying old bone and replacing it with new bone tissue. This process usually slows down as a person gets older.
He had a pituitary tumor removed, an operation on his knee and metal pins placed in his hips. And his jaw was split into fine pieces in order to be expanded because of the acromegaly. Doctors Notes • Swelling of right knee. • Ulcerated sores on lower left leg. • Abnormal hormone levels.
Ultrasound plays a role in orthopedic trauma, orthopedic surgery, and even bone densitometry. The following three article summaries demonstrate the versatility of ultrasound in its orthopedic
It is more than one tumor, hundreds of tumors because researchers have seen that many types of cancer in the world. Some say cancer could possibly have many diseases rolled up into one big disease, but really it could not have been rolled up. Once you have this disease it is difficult to dry away because you have to go through a bunch of treatments for your specific type of cancer patients were diagnosed with. If doctors do not find out about someone having cancer, it can cause the cancer to go into uncontrollable growth (Gorski). Many people die in a year, from cancer.
The patient was diagnosed with neuroblastoma at six months old where he was given treatment with cyclophosphamide and monthly intravenous bisphosphonate therapy. The bisphosphonate therapy was discontinued because of the risks associated with developing osteoporosis. After diagnosis of EFD, this patient underwent several tests to rule out potential causes of EFD, such as, bone marrow disorder, metal poisoning, or hereditary bone diseases. Radiographic images confirmed delineation between osteopetrotic and normal bone which suggested a period of increased bone turnover followed by improved bone growth which is consistent with the bisphosphonate exposure the patient had at six months old. As a result, the patient is a risk for fractures in the areas where there was a transition between the osteopetrotic and normal bone.
The molecular pathways mostly targeted in the treatment of solid tumors are those of the epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor, respectively known as EGFR OR VEGF (Gerber 2008, p.314). The targeted therapy inhibits the growth of cancer cells by blocking the VEGF receptors (Gerber 2008, p.313). The signaling molecule VEGF plays an important role in angiogenesis “which means the formation of new blood vessels”. It is a family of protein growth factors that made by some tumors (Welti, et. al.
External snapping hip syndrome was first reported by Valderrama in 1969[7]. It can be idiopathic, congenital and genetic or acquired [10, 11, 20, 21]. Commonly seen in athletes like ballet dancers, runners and soccer players [1, 22]. Intramascular injections of antibiotics and anti malarial agents have been associated causes. [23,24,25,26] First step of management of external snapping hip is conservative.
11/11/15 Progress Report by Charles Moran MD indicated that the patient has lower back pain. She complains of pain when she lies on her back for a very long time. Long-term medications: Levothyroxine, Omeprazole and Naproxen. Objectively, the back was diffusely tender over the lumbar spine without palpable spasms.
Red Flag Assessment in the Thoracic Spine Category one findings: Due to the viscerosomatic referred pain, many visceral conditions can produce secondary musculoskeletal pain in thoracic region. Therefore, patients could experience symptoms in the musculoskeletal structures innervated by the same nerve levels at which the visceral afferents converge. The thoracic spine has the highest incidence in the spine for primary neoplasm and metastatic tumours. Category two findings: The complications of several metabolic disorders manifest themselves in the thoracic spine.
Possible complications: Failure to grow, skeletal deformities, abnormally curved spine, dental defects, seizures. Treatment: Vit D & Calcium supplements, special bracing or surgery for spinal deformities Pathophysiology: synovial hypertrophy, chronic joint inflammation, Abnormal production of many cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators, destruction of various tissues, like bone, tendons, ligaments, & blood vessels. Etiology: Genetics, hyperprolactinemia, and infectious agents, like Mycoplasma, EBV, and rubella virus. Manifestations: Tender, warm, swollen joints, morning stiffness, firm bumps of tissue under arm skin, fatigue, fever, and weight loss.
Bone cancer is an uncommon cancer that can begin in a bone or can spread, or metastasize, from another area of the body to the bone. Bone cancer can affect any bone in the body but it is more likely for the cancer to appear in the long bone that make up the arms and legs. There are several different types of bone cancer. Certain ones affect children and teenagers more than others, and certain ones affect adults and the elderly more than others. There are also different symptoms that you can look for to see if you have or think you might have bone cancer(Bone Cancer Symptoms, Signs).
The cells that are involved in causing this type of cancer are like the osteoblasts in normal bone, the cells that form this cancer make bone matrix. Therefore, the bone matrix of an osteosarcoma is not as strong as that of normal bones because most of osteosarcomas happen in children and young adults. Thus, teens are the most commonly affected age group, but osteosarcoma can occur at any age. It is common in children especially the tall ones because osteosarcomas normally develop in areas where the bone is growing too quick around the knee
One critical need in osteosarcoma is to improve diagnostic methods in order to detect it at an early stage before it matures to a stage where surgery is necessary. An issue with this, however, is that the primary symptoms that lead to the discovery of bone cancers (in general) are the onset of pain and swelling. Thus, finding a suitable testing method would mean that the diagnostic method must happen before the patient is even aware of the problem. Fortunately, osteosarcoma is rare and it can be cured with surgery (combination of surgery and new technologies in prothesis has benefited the patients by improving their lifestyle); however, when it’s undergone skip metastasis, surgery becomes an unusable method for removing cancer. Generally,
Research experience: 1-Research assistant .Determining Prevalence of benign bone tumors in referral orthopedic clinic in Mashhad Ghaem Hospital from1998 to 2008. Supervisor: Dr M.Mazloumi. MD Publications: Determining prevalence of benign bone tumors in Ghaem Hospital,Mashhad,Iran in orthopedic Surgery clinic from 1998 to 2008, Autors: Dr Seyed Mahdi Mazloumi, Dr Seyed Ali Mahdavian ,Medical journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2-120, 5(5), June and July 2013. .