Hurthle Cell Carcinoma Research Paper

Hurthle Cell Carcinoma

Hurthle cell carcinoma is a rare type of thyroid cancer that has a bad prognosis (outlook). Under the microscope, Hurthle cells are cells that look bigger than the usual follicular cells of the thyroid. There are several options of treatment for this type of thyroid malignancy, but it is important that it is recognized and treated early. Part 1: What Is Hurthle Cell Carcinoma?

Hurthle cell carcinoma makes up only about three percent of all cancers affecting the thyroid gland. This neck gland is butterfly-shaped, but it is normally not visible to the naked eye. It is also responsible for producing hormones that help regulate body metabolism.

Hurthle cell cancer, also called oxyphilic cell carcinoma is a rare condition,

Symptoms of Hurthle cell carcinoma are similar to those seen in other types of thyroid cancers. These include:

• Appearance of a lump at the neck

• Voice change that does not get better

• Shortness of breath

• Sore throat

• Difficulty swallowing

• Persistent cough not caused by a respiratory problem

Part 3: What Causes Hurthle Cell Carcinoma?

The exact cause of Hurthle cell carcinoma is not known. However, scientists believe that damaging changes or errors in the genetic material (DNA) in the cells may be involved. Damage or alteration in the DNA causes malfunction in biochemical processes that may lead to uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells, which develop into malignant tumors.

Factors that increase your risk of developing this type of thyroid cancer include:

• Female gender

• Older age

• A history of radiation therapy to the head and neck

Hurthle cell carcinoma complications include:

• Difficulty swallowing – when the tumor presses on the food pipe (esophagus)

• Difficulty breathing – when the tumor presses on the windpipe (trachea)

• Spread of malignancy (metastasis) to other organs and tissues

Part 4: How to Treat Hurthle Cell

Chemotherapy, which involves the use of Sorafenib (Nexavar), a drug used to treat aggressive or metastatic thyroid cancer that is not responsive to radioactive iodine therapy. Possible side effects include diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, high blood pressure, and skin rash.

Other Ways of Coping with Hurthle Cell Carcinoma

Treatment for Hurthle cell carcinoma can be frightening and challenging. Here are some tips to help you cope with the disease:

• Discuss your feelings with a family member or friend or join a support group for cancer patients and families.

• Accept help from other people. Activities of daily living such as marketing or preparing meals may be taxing for cancer patients, so it is advisable to allow yourself some rest and let your loved ones help you.

• Take time to eat well, relax and rest to help combat fatigue and stress resulting from cancer.

Follow-Up Care

After treatment for Hurthle cell carcinoma, you will be advised to visit your doctor for regular check-up. Follow all instructions, especially with regards to the regular intake of thyroid hormone replacement after total thyroidectomy. You may also be asked to go to the hospital often to take some blood tests to evaluate your hormone levels. Aside from these, blood tests for tumor markers may be