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Nt1330 Unit 6 Research Paper

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I am going to explain the current methods and protocols we use in a LAN environment to provide a high level of redundancy, such as EtherChannel, FHRP (First Hop Redundancy Protocols) and STP (Spanning Tree protocols). I will briefly explain how the protocols work & then discusses the latest implementations of the protocol and the environment you would expect to see them working in. The STP is a protocol that prevents loops from occurring in a switched LAN environments when a device has multiple interconnected paths. The protocols works by sending BDPU messages across in the interconnected devices, detects the loop then removes it from the topology by shutting down the port. There are many different types of spanning tree protocol some of which are outdated and not used regularly anymore, …show more content…

There is also the RPVSTP+ which works similar to RSTP but is used for implementation of a Per-VLAN basis. Regular Spanning tree takes around 30 to 50 seconds to recognise a link failure where as RSTP takes around 10 seconds to notice the link failure, so by standard you should always use RSTP over the original STP to avoid redundancy on the network. BDPUs are used within these protocols and can help with redundancy as they have keep alive timers so if three missed BDPUs are missed then it is assumed that that link between a root and bridge has lost connectivity and this can be detected quickly. Another way that the protocol works is by adding the alternate and backup port which are automatically set in a forwarding state rather than being passive and waiting for the network to converge. RSTP has specific bridge port roles. These all work by looking for specifics in the topology that will affect the decision of which switch will be have the certain ports. Such as the root bridge which will be decided by the lowest mac address in the topology. See Appendix

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