Perception In Critical Thinking

Warren also stated that “If we judged ourselves by how our actions are perceived by others, we may become more sensitive and understanding of any hurtful responses by them” (Warren 1). Even judging by actions is not right because things can be meant to help, but can instead result in something going wrong. Something that one person sees as disastrous could be seen as good by another person based on what each person knows and the intention. Thus, judging by actions is still not an effective way to judge a person, one must only judge by what is unseen; personality, morals, and intentions. There are many places where one can see how judging based on appearance affects people.

Richard Paul and Dr. Linda Elder elements of thought circle also. Officers are used to underestimate of importance of assumptions. Nevertheless, it is necessary to work with assumptions very carefully because it might lead to wrong decision. Firstly, assumptions are not the same as facts. It is what officers are taking for granted .

One point of view may be inferior depending on the situation but this is not always constant, and both should be considered to develop the most informed understanding. To fully consider both views, “we must start with no prejudice for or against either kind of looking” (Lewis 2). Prejudice will create false interpretation of a viewpoint which also results in

The first perspective compatibilism, which suggests that the two are aligned and produce untouchable facts, making it seem that the future is open to you. In contrast to compatibilism is incompatibilism, which suggests that free will and determinism are incompatible and that if one component is true, the other must be false. Compatibilist have a reputation to explain their position in a straightforward way, when that very well is not the matter. Van Inwagen argues against the position of a compatibilist because some facts are not untouchable; that is to say that we only sometimes have the ability to act differently. This is a mystery because it is not concrete and is incalculable.

Without a tangible “thing” to split, it could be argued that divisibility has no real meaning at all in relation to things that by their nature cannot be split. To wit, Descartes’ argument supposes that a mind divided would result in absurdity, such as two fractions of a greater mind, both with capacity to think, or in other words, two new minds, he takes this as evidence that a mind cannot be divided; but it would seem plausible also to say that this absurdity is the result of applying terms that only have meaning when applied to things with extension. In other words; a mind may well be capable of division, even if it was substantively different and separate from matter and body, thus we may conclude that Descartes cannot prove the distinction between mind and matter by ascribing notions of relative divisibility or non-divisibility to them. Additionally much of Descartes thought regarding the indivisibility of the mind is based on a preceding conception of the mind as non-physical before the argument proves

Authority does not have to be an actual figure, but rather can be a set of rules or an institution. It plays a pivotal role in the decisions and influence of the general public. Zimbardo makes it clear how dangerous authority can be, because many people choose to blindly follow instructions regardless of whether or not their morals line up. It is described in depth as an almost brainwashing like phenomenon, where those under authority feel somewhat of an obligation to obey, simply because of their position. While this alone is interesting, an even more intriguing topic discussed in the book is the fact that not only do those under authority feel obligated to comply with their leader’s ideas and suggestions, but if the authority figures change from good to evil, their follows will most likely change as well.

Wallace argues that actual thinking and education involves gaining a conscious awareness, often that those around us are in reality just as important as we are. So while people are more likely to attribute behavior to another’s personality, especially if it’s negative, this is far from accurate. This is a big piece to Gilbert’s model if people do not use controlled think or thinking that is effortful, conscious, and intentional (textbook, p.65) to see someone’s situational attribution they are misinterpreting information. This occurs automatically and even involuntary, which is why Wallace referred to it as a default setting. However, even if initially people are making attributions to someone’s internal state, they can change this way of thinking and recognize outside situations.

This argument is based on a mistaken belief; because when we are in our emotional state our responses to certain situations are not necessarily the best guide to the truth. Our emotions can cloud our judgement rather than clarify and clear up issues. In order for our beliefs to be true, we must not base our belief off of emotion. Rather base them upon reason. Appeal to Pity

As the law have definite rules and abstracts, the application of such rules and structure can be ineffectively applied which requires the ultimate result to reach. In addition, such structures are difficult to be applied in every situation and thus, it is important to understand the situation and the means of structure where it can provide the complete solution to the problem. It also involves the articulation of complex facts which are also tricky to understand. Advantages – it provides the understanding to view the person as an active agent and also promotes the idea of self-responsibility. The humanistic approach also enables the professional to work on the subjective experiences of an individual.

The notion of "meme," as described in Susan Blackmore's essay "Strange Creatures" is a rather confusing topic. She tends to give us a sense of humiliation, suggesting that we are nothing but imitations or copies of other, indicating that we are not creative enough to innovate ideas our self. However, Alain de Botton's essay "On Habit" can serve as an interpretation to the fact that us humans are creative enough to innovate our own new ideas, and that the word "meme" does not really tell us everything about the world. The main problem lying within the notion of "meme" is that it seems to be too negative. It willfully obscures the idea of human creativity and innovation.