Around 3500 to 3100 BCE, the rise of civilizations occurred in two different regions; one in Mesopotamia, another in Egypt. Mesopotamia was a vast open region between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Egypt was an isolated region along the Nile that runs from South to North. Blessed by the surrounding rivers, these two remarkable ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt developed socially, politically and culturally with unique features. Both Mesopotamia and Egypt were similar in having a social class system to distinguish between different classes, as well as people’s value towards religion, and finally having the ability to pass information effectively.
So these civilizations were founded all around the same time. There are many similarities and differences in their political characteristics, social/cultural characteristics, and economic characteristics. First, Mesopotamia and Egypt are both similar and different to India politically. In the Middle East, Mesopotamia had independent city-states governed by monarchs, and Egypt had Pharaohs rule the kingdoms as gods. A monarch would a king or a queen, and Pharaohs
Also, the pyramids are close to the Nile. The Nile has always provided most of the water used to grow crops in Egypt and for anything else since much of the rest of the country is in a desert. The Nile was very important to Ancient Egyptians. In ancient times the Nile flooded every year and the people would starve if there was not enough water for the crops. The Ancient Egyptians got papyrus from the Nile.
The Babylonian civilisation therefore tried to stand out by through its intellectual and architectural style, so that it would be recognisable from its neighbours. This research led the Babylonian civilisation to considerable intellectual development which is now shared as a heritage by all the civilisations of the Middle East. In Egypt, its power and its wealth allowed the kingdom to exploit its territory, especially the fantastic natural resource that the Nile represents. However, Egypt was not so concerned by foreign threats. Its foreign interactions were quite limited beyond the valley of the
For example, the Ancient Egyptians had no choice but to incorporate the Nile into their culture because it was their only meaningful water source, and the main thing keeping them alive. The Egyptians' total dependence on the Nile allowed it to affect every part of Egypt all throughout the country's growth. The Nile
The Political Infrastructure varies greatly between Egypt and Mesopotamia. In Egypt the authority of government was created around 3100 B.C.E. from an individual named Menes which later caused for the authority of Egypt to be in the hands of Pharaohs during the Archaic Period (3100-2600 B.C.E.) and Old Kingdom (2660-2180 B.C.E). Pharaohs of the Archaic Period and Old Kingdom An example of a pharaoh that ruled Egypt would be Pharaoh Ahmosis, which during his reign from 1500 B.C.E had the full authority of Egypt.
The text: ‘Hymn to the Nile’ helps us to understand the importance of the Egyptian people’s relationship with the Nile as well as their adoration for the God Hapy. This text also emphasizes how dependent these Ancient people were on the Nile and we as academics can record the various effects the flooding of the Nile or lack thereof had on them in their daily
Mesopotamian and Ancient Egyptian Civilizations Religion in ancient time was known to influence peoples’ views and ways of life such as geographically, spiritually, politically, and even scientific discoveries made. Religion was the foundation of Mesopotamian and Ancient Egyptian civilizations. Both known for their polytheistic believes and rituals. Sharing similar concepts of explaining supernatural events though mythology. Yet the relationship shared in religious views between Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt was very different.
The Romans also had several devices at their disposal that sufficiently used the fundamental principles of surveying. These included the Groma, the Dioptra and the Chorobates. Two learned Romans, Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, and Sextus Julius Frontinus, wrote of surveying practices in the Roman Empire at the time of Christ. Presumably, there were more works from those times, but many classical works were irretrievably lost in the damaging of the Alexandrian library in 642
The Egyptians The Egyptian design style is mystic and powerful. Their style has origin from the history that ancient Egyptian civilization was based on religion, which was central to ancient Egyptian society. They believed in life after death and their brief and wishes on eternal life was much stronger than the other religions. Mummification is one of the examples and well preserved mummified body in tomb was important as well as objects placed together with the body, which was believed to take into the afterlife. Larger quantities of luxury items such as gold, jewellery, richly decorated chairs, tables and cabinets were buried with wealthy Egyptians, showing the wealth and power of the family.