Technology: Technological Development, And The Evolution Of Technology

Both the Han and Romans thought that technology was necessary. It helped make life easier for both civilizations. However the Han admired technology and believed it was a gift from enlightened leaders; and the Romans believed that the creators were common and “vulgar”.

Attitudes towards technology in the Han and Roman empires differed greatly in terms of importance to life. The Roman Empire thought that technology was beneficial, but not necessary. The Romans were divided by social classes and concentrated more on mathematics and sciences, looking down on people who performed labor and used technologies for laboring. The Han Empire had a more positive attitude towards manufacturing and labor. The Han relied heavily on agriculture and thought that tools and water systems were necessary to reduce labor.

Technology may not seem like it made a huge impact on Western Expansion, but it in fact did. Without the creation and development of railroads, canals and bridges, expansion would have progressed a lot slower and not nearly as efficiently. Railroads allowed farmers to trade crops into the valley and passed the Appalachian’s which were previously off limits due to distance and terrain. Canals are water pathways connecting two bodies of water through a large piece of land. They allowed trade ships to have a shortcut for easier travel on trade voyages. Bridges did the exact opposite of canals, allowing land travel over two bodies of water. This gave traders the opportunity to cross over lakes and large bodies of water, instead of taking the extra

Gerhard Lenski specified that technological progress is the motivation behind civilization evolving throughout history. His concepts of the four stages of communication are interesting as they start with biological communication through verbal language, writing and the use of symbols, which he uses this as his perception of the beginning of civilized society.

The writer, Richard Louv, in his argumentative paper, Last Child in the Woods, supports his argument that relates to the separation between people and nature. To support his argument, he uses rhetorical devices in order to motivate the readers to reminisce about their past and how nature applied to it. Louv’s purpose is to manifest the feelings of the reader’s past to connect with his ideals of nature.

The Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal empires were very powerful and well respected in their time. Their rise was attributed to their strong military presence, trade and economic gain, religious tolerance and ideology that rulers should be chosen by ability not class or wealth. Their falls were due to indecent economic dealings, religious suppression, surrounding empires, mistreatment of citizens and an unfortunate series of terrible rulers.

We come to countless decisions in life, and there are issues we have to let chance take command. Robert Frost is greatly known for his realistic imageries and his illustration of the rural life. Explaining in his writing to help examine the complex philosophical topics like nature

“IT IS A SIN TO WRITE THIS”(17), as Equality 7-2521 said when he was in the dark damp cave of blackness where he went to be alone so he could concentrate on his ideas that he wasn’t allowed to have. Anthem, by Ayn Rand, portrays a primitive way of life that describes a depressing future only consisting of rule and the unknown. Throughout the book there is one main thought made by all the characters and they all wonder what had happened before “The Great Rebirth” and why the Council wanted to hide it from them. It is like all their minds were wiped from the face of the earth and the clock of all time had started from zero. They had forgotten science and everything invented by it. This implies that the nature of science, technology, and the progress of it had been wiped away by the giant hand of government. Anthem establishes this view by using the idea of a primitive world in the

The dystopian society depicted in Ayn Rand's novel “Anthem” is a dark and dour world where the people of the world stand as one, and . Although the world is a dark and ominous place, main character Equality 7-2521 seeks out elation with his rediscovered technology “artificial light”. He seeks this with not pride or dignity in his technology but almost a sense of wanted to break free from the binding chains of the dystopian society, as if he was doing a favor to not only to himself but also to society. However; he also knew what he was doing was very sinful, and it could land him in The Palace of Corrective Detention.

In the decades following the Civil War as the United States was changing from a primarily agricultural to an industrialized nation the American intellectual landscapes was changing in equally important ways. New ideas in the worlds of literature, science and philosophy were having great impact on intellectual and artistic endeavors and theses ideas were not just influencing the social elites but also America’s growing mass of ordinary, literate citizens. This influence would set in motion a change in mass direction for the United States.

The Han and the roman empires shared similar interests and attitudes towards technology. Technology became a primary focuses for the civilizations. The Han and Roman made the same amount of attention towards technology. They both found it important to be the most advanced in technology. In Documents 3 and 4 both empires had a positive attitude towards technology and both thought it was a gift from the “gods”. Both Han upperclassmen thought that technology was a “gift from enlightened leadership. In documents 6 and 8 the Roman upperclassmen were bragging about how great there technology was great emphasis and encouragement with technology with the higher of the Roman population.

Many people had a hand in the culmination of what contemporary Anthropology is known as today. One of the most forefront pioneers of which was Lewis Henry Morgan. Morgan was the antithesis of a well educated middle class gentleman. He came from a privileged background, was a good student, successful lawyer, and a business man. While studying law, he became interested in the study of the American Indian and became an avid defender of Indian rights against unjust government policies, as well as a fighter in the losing battle against the assailment of the Iroquois land. Around 1851 after moving to Rochester, New York to open a very successful law firm with an old classmate, Morgan published League of the Iroquois. This book was the culmination of years of research in partnership with his friend Ely Parker, a Seneca, and is considered one of the earliest prominent ethnographic works.

The four famously known theorists are Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Karl Marx. Each studied and viewed social behavior in a way they believed was the way it should be viewed; hence, they came up with different theories that categorizes society in many different aspects.

Human civilization evolved over a period of time. People’s life, behaviour and adoption have been changed from gathering and hunting to urbanization stage. In the beginning, people were depending on gathering and hunting then they reached the stage of cultivation of crops and this way agriculture began. At that time people did agriculture from bare hands, later on, plough developed. At that time, agriculture production is low because of lack of agricultural knowledge and technological inputs were also low which bind the whole family to work in agriculture fields. After 1750s industrial revolution began and it led to advances in agricultural technology that greatly increased food production, which allow other people to pursue other work. At that time horsepower came into use and machinery like steam engine used in the agricultural process. Tractors were used for ploughing. In 1701 Jethro Tull’s used drill ways of sowing seed in rows, in the place of broadcasting. The industrial revolution changed the whole pattern of agriculture. This phase is also known as agriculture revolution in the modern world. Technology is the main driving force for this

Many things contribute for the possibility of technology to advance the economics in a period, especially since every area has different needs. A few contributing factors were slavery, population growth and risk and benefits. Mokyr even thinks that every invention raises the amount of technological need; once something is created people scramble to create something better, something to advance it even farther. During the early period technological advance was rare possibly due to slave labor, the labor was basically free and the rich owners made a lot of money off them, and they did not care to help make the process easier or faster for them. The educated inventors had to learn to communicate with the labor field to find where advances could be made. Also there was a lower population, a lower need for material.