Fish Health: Aquaculture

Aquaculture has become a key important component of the fish health, due to the continued increased of cultured fish. It is quickly growing industry around the world with about 80 million tons produce annually (kolkovski and kolkovski 2011). Bacterial and fungal disease are causative for heavy impermanence in both culture and wild fishes throughout the world and most causative microorganisms are naturally occurring opportunities pathogens which invade the tissue of the fish host, thereby rendered such as the infections (Rahman et al, 2009). The aquaculture sector at present accounts for more than 45% of all seafood consumption internationally. It is estimated that in the next 20 years, it will increase to 75% (FTU, 2007). On average, nearly

Their adults and teens are more resistant to bacterial, parasitic, fungal and viral diseases matched to other fish species. However, tilapia larvae is often disadvantaged by high death rates, and financial loss due to infectious diseases (Bricknell & Dalmo, 2005) like Streptococcus sp., Flavobacterium columnare, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Edwarsiella tarda (El Sayed 2006; Amal & Zamri Saad, 2011). An Immunostimulant is a naturally occurring compound that enhance the immune system by increasing the host’s fight against diseases that in most conditions are caused by pathogens (Peddie S, Zou, Secombes

(2008) suggested that Zingiber officinale (ginger) contains gingerols and shogaols. Components of oils are monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, (α-Zingiberene 30-70%).pharmacological effects of ginger and its compound are Immuno- modulatory, anti tumourgenic, anti-inflammatory, anti –apoptotic, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-microbial, anti-platelet, anti-ulcer, and anti-oxidant.

Mathivanan et al, (2008) the present study demonstrated that diets supplemented with Z. officinale powder enhanced growth and immunity in C. catla fed with 30 days. There is an increase in specific growth rate of weight of the fishes in control and experimental groups. Fish fingerlings weight gain has shown a significantly (p<0.05) increased in experimental groups when compared to control.

Ali et al. (2007) observed that Ginger is a strong antioxidant element, and also seems to have one or more side effects. While ginger is beneficial for the growth of fish as well as on the immune system and disease resistance of fishes. Zingerone is a compound extracted from Ginger has significant effects on the growth rate and disease resistance to Vibrio alginolyticus by the Pacific white shrimp and on