Water Hydration Lab Report

Pour this mixture, while stirring, into a beaker containing 25 mL of ice water to which 5 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid have been added. The diazonium salt of sulfanilic acid should soon separate as a finely divided white precipitate. Keep this suspension cooled in an ice bath until it is to be used. 2. Methyl Orange 1.

The purpose of this lab was to determine the percent water in magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, or Epsom salt. The experimental percent water is determined to be 42.06% in both trials, making the average also 42.06%. To determine this percent water a heating and cooling procedure was used. First, the vials were cleaned of impurities using the lab oven and were not touched after this point.

Celery started with a pH of 6.05 and dropped down to a pH of 5.03 after 30 drops that is not nearly as drastic as alka seltzer. But, it shows how celery does not have a buffer because of the drop in pH and is not able to create more hydroxide ions when acid is added. Liver started with a pH of 6.50 and after 30 drops the pH dropped down to 6.03 which means the drop in pH is only .47 and looks similar to the data of the positive control of alka seltzer. The data in this lab follows the hypothesis of testing the HCI of liver and celery, then liver will contain a buffer and celery will not. This conclusion can be drawn because of celery’s large drop in pH and the data’s resemblance to the water data meaning celery cannot hydrolyze ions and keep a constant pH. Liver’s pH only changed by .47 which is not a dramatic change and can fall within scientific error and strongly relates to the alka seltzer data.

1 Experiment 7: Titration of an Antacid Objective: In this experiment, you will standardize a solution of base using the analytical technique known as titration. Using this standardized solution, you will determine the acid neutralizing power of a commercially available antacid tablet. Introduction An understanding of the properties of acids and bases is an essential part of understanding chemical reactions (see Tro, pp 167-171).

The reaction is then put under reflux. This produces the sodium salt of salicylic acid known as sodium salicylate. The end products of saponification are alcohol and carboxylic acid. Therefore, in the second step (2), the sodium salicylate collected is then acidified using sulphuric acid to convert the organic salt into the protonated carboxylic acid, salicylic acid. Since the acid is a solid, it be easily isolated from the alcohol produced, methanol, and then purified by crystallisation.

Then, it is air dried and followed by fixing it with flame from Bunsen burner. After fixing the smear, it must be stained using Gram staining solution, firstly crystal violet solution was flood onto it, and allowed for 1 minute, then wash off with tap water. Then, flood the slide with iodine solution for 1 minute and wash it off with tap water again. The formation of a dye-iodine complex will occur in the cytoplasm. Then, it was flooded with ethanol and washed immediately.

However, the process is both time and temperature dependent, with conversion 90% complete within 75 minutes at 93°C. The reaction proceeds via surface-controlled kinetics; when sodium bicarbonate crystals are heated for a short period of time, very fine needle-shaped crystals of anhydrous sodium carbonate are formed on the sodium bicarbonate surface. Sodium bicarbonate is stable in dry air but slowly decomposes in moist air and should therefore be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place. 5.9. TALC83:

Enthalpy of neutralization The purpose of this experiment is to determine the enthalpy change for the reaction between aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl). Introduction A neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction where a base and an acid react with each other.

The following equation shows this reaction: CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2. Store the lime into a closed container and add aluminum. Heat the mixture to 2,552 degrees Fahrenheit to obtain pure calcium according to this equation: 5CaO + 2Al -> Al2O3 + 2CaO + 3Ca. These are the few ways that you are able to obtain calcium on its

SOLUBILITY AND SOLUBILITY PRODUCT OBJECTIVE In this experiment you will determine the solubility and solubility product of a sparingly soluble salt, potassium hydrogen tartrate, and also in four solutions containing a common ion. INTRODUCTION When a salt of low dissolubility dissolves in water, equilibrium is established between the solid solute and the dissolved ions. There are two terms used in discussing this condition.

A stream with a great abundance of life would probably have a measurement of or near seven, which is near neutral, or the measurement may be a little higher. For a stream that is not as productive, the pH measurement may be higher or lower than seven. For the alkalinity test, the average was thirteen. An alkalinity test tells you if there are limestone, which neutralizes acid. The average amount of rocks that did neutralize acid was sixty five, while the average amount of rocks that didn’t neutralize acid was twenty nine.

Introduction The purpose of this week’s lab was to enhance our understanding of the Grignard reagents that were examined in lecture. In this lab, a Grignard reagent will be prepared through the reaction of magnesium turnings and bromobenzene. Instead of isolating the product it will then be combined with benzophenone, which will give the final product of triphenylmethanol. Procedure

Osmosis is one of the most important regulators in the body. Osmosis regulates solvents through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one, creating equal concentration in and out of the cell. For the purpose of this laboratory a dialysis bag will be used to imitate the semipermeable membrane of a cell. The dialysis bags will be filled with different concentrations of sucrose and placed in distilled water to mimic osmosis. With the dependent variable being the mass of the bag and the independent variable being the sucrose.

There are various drinks on sale, claiming to keep your body hydrated and full of energy. While some promise to strengthen your muscles, others swear to make you extra active. Is this the case? It is important to stay well hydrated throughout and especially when exercising. It is a fact that water is enough to hydrate your body for up to one hour during the workout.