Amino acid Essays

corresponds with the amino acid arginine. This was repeated for each trial of each leaf and the amino acids were identified. Retention factors and closest corresponding amino acids Rf (A) Nandina domestica Amino acid Buxus sempervirens Amino acid Stachys byzantina Amino acid Trial 1 0.200 arginine 0 none 0 none Trial 2 0.345 threonine 0.257 glycine 0 none Trial 3 0.186 arginine

prepare a buffer for an unknown amino acid with the goal of identifying the unknown amino acid. The objective was to use the Henderson Hasselbalch equation to determine the buffer capacity, and to use the pKa values and molecular weight, to identify the unknown amino acid through acid-base titrations. Titration was done on the unknown amino acid with a strong acid and base while titration was done on NaCl, which acted as a blank for identifying the unknown amino acid and was used to find the true titration

Explain the relationship between the ionisation of amino acids and pH |Structural diagram of the neutral structure| |Structural diagram of positively charged structure| |Structural diagram of negatively charged structure| Explain how the form of an amino acid, whether positively charged, negatively charged or neutral, depends of the pH of the solution ? If you increase the pH of a solution of an amino acid by adding hydroxide ions, if this is done then the hydrogen ions will then

specially valuable for the separation of closely related amino acids. The mixture is dissolved in a fluid called mobile phase , which carries it through the structure holding another material called the stationary phase . The various amino acids travel at different speed , causing them to separate based on its R group . Amino acid Amino acid play central roles as building blocks of proteins and as intermediates in metabolisms . The 20 amino acids are found within proteins convey a vast array of chemical

Blesson Abraham Mathew PRACTICAL NO- 3 SEPARATION OF AMINO ACIDS BY THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY Chromatography Chromatography is a technique that is used to separate two or more different

than two amino-acids. The reaction is characterized by the addition of copper sulfate to compounds with two peptide

Proteins are complex macromolecules that are formed by elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Proteins composed of one or more polypeptide chains of amino acids. The main functions of proteins are to structure, support, protect, make movement, catalyst, transport and make hormones in human body. In the structural role, collagen and elastin provide support for connective tissue. Actin and myosin are proteins that involved in muscle contraction and movement. Haemoglobin is a protein that transports

discussed in this chapter. 2.1 OVERVIEW OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTION TECHNIQUES Proteins perform many biological functions and represent the building blocks of organisms. Basically there are 20 types of amino acids in proteins consists of different chemical properties. A long chain of these amino acids forms the protein molecule with the neighbor through a covalent peptide bond. Proteins are also known as polypeptides. Protein folding is the collection of proteins into larger structures

determined principally by the type and relative amounts of the Amino acid present in the particular protein molecule. They are one of the building blocks of body tissue and also serve as a fuel source. Protein is essential for the growth and repair of the body and maintenance of good health. The amount of protein we need are changes during the life time. Different food contains different amount and different combinations of amino acids sequences (British nutrition foundation,2012).

DNA stand for deoxyribonucleic acid. RNA stands for ribonucleic acid. They share some similarities, such as both being nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are long macromolecules that consist of a long chain of nucleotides. Both DNA and RNA have five carbon sugar and four nitrogen containing bases. In addition, DNA and RNA can be found in the nucleus of the cell. They are also vital to organisms. They are key to genetic information being created and distributed to various parts for the cell.

and nervous systems. They help transport the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. They provide two essential fatty acids that the body cannot make: linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid). There are three main types of fatty acids: saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated. Each has subtle chemical differences that dictate how the fatty acid behaves inside and out of the body. Bad fats considerably increase your risk of certain diseases. Rather than adopting

Discussion: Many of our most important enzyms, hormones, and chemical process are all made possible by the presence of protiens. We can build protiens in our bodies or injest them in the food we eat. Tryptophane and tyrosine were some protein amino side chains that we specifically identified in the lab. Some everyday foods that contain high contents of tryptophane are egg whites, fish, and seeds. While some common foods that are high in tyrosine are cheese, milk, and tofu. The samples experimented

Protein synthesis Introduction Translation or protein synthesis is a central process of central dogma of molecular biology. It deals with production of proteins or chains of amino acids by making use of a mRNA as a template, ribosomes as protein synthesizing machinery and tRNA’s as carriers of amino acids during the translation process Living cells devote about 90 % of their chemical energy to synthesis of proteins and only about 10 % to other biosynthetic processes. More than 35% of the dry weight

Proteins Proteins are polymers of amino acids that are joined head-to-tail in a long chain that is then collapsed into a three-dimensional structure one of a kind to every sort of protein. The covalent linkage between two contiguous amino acids in a protein (or polypeptide) chain is known as a peptide bond. There are twenty amino acids that make up proteins. Every amino corrosive has a run of the mill non specific structure, the main fluctuation in every amino corrosive lies in a one of a kind

tissue and to synthesize hormones and enzymes among other activities. In this experiment, we wanted to determine the organic molecules found in each brand of protein supplements and the amount of starch present. A protein supplement should contain amino acids and proteins; however, some supplements contain other molecules that are used as fillers, thus reducing the concentration of the protein. The most common fillers are simple sugars (monosaccharides) and starches (polysaccharides) because they enhance

Enzymes are giant molecular biological catalyst.They are responsible for thousands of metabolic processes that systain life.Enzymes are highly selective greatly accelerating both the rate and specificity of of metabolic reactions from the digestion of food to the synthesis of DNA..Most enzymes are proteins.They possesses a three-dimensional structure. Enzymes act by converting a starting molecule called as substrate into different molecules called as products.Almost all chemical rection in an biological

1. What are the four main chemical groups that are necessary for life? a. The four main chemical groups are lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids, these four are the necessary components for life. 2. What are the three types of macromolecules? a. The three types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. 3. What reactions drive the synthesis of polymers? The breakdown of polymers? a. The synthesis of polymers is driven by dehydration reactions, which occurs when

molecule (Campbell & Reece, 2005). The molecule is a sugar that provides major fuel for cellular to work. But the carbon skeleton works on the row material for synthesis of all different verities of small organic molecules. For example amino acids and fatty acids. Such sugar molecules that are not immediately used are incorporated into disaccharides and polysaccharides. Glucose which is a monosaccharide has a structure of rings. To form a glucose ring, carbon 1 bonds to the oxygen which is attached

Chymotrypsin is an enzyme that is produced in the pancreas that aids in the digestion of mammals. It is a catalyst that speeds up the hydrolysis of proteins into amino acids and polypeptides. It goes through a specific mechanism, called the ping-pong mechanism, for its reaction, and has been studied for many years. From these studies has come the knowledge that it can be used in a variety of diseases and/or problems. Chymotrypsinogen is the inactive form of an enzyme that is produced in the pancreas

1. How does DNA encode information? DNA is a double-stranded helix composed of a phosphate backbone and deoxyribose, and encodes information by the sequence of its nucleotide bases, which are composed of adenine, thiamine, guanine and cytosine. DNA undergoes transcription, which produces single-stranded mRNA, which uses uracil in place of thiamine. Next step is translation, in which the RNA becomes a protein, which then can act as structural units or enzymes. 2. How does DNA replicate itself? In