Bacterial conjugation Essays

Today, millions of women can implement their rights to vote in all elections in the united states of America, but this (rights) did not come easily to those women who sacrifice their lives to make this happen. In the speech “Address to Congress on Women’s Suffrage”, Catt delivered her message for women’s right from a firsthand account of what she had experienced as a woman living in the United States of America in the 19th century. She advocated for the rights of women to vote because she believes

An assassin endeavors through the obscurity of a fallen municipality mounted a on a giant wolf-like canids. An entrusted a subordinate serve as an effective means of transit. His black tooled leather saddle has unique designs representing his home. Fortis lineaments include a narrow skull with long, slender limps with grayish fur and lighter markings around the lips and eyes. They are assigned a specific zone, preserving all innocent inhabitants within it. An array of world-famous and online

Lady Macbeth Lady Macbeth is Macbeth´s wife. At the beginning of the play, she has a female traditional role, but when the plot starts to develop, she changes it. Thus, whenever it suits her she adapts a masculine role. She is shown as instigator in Macbeth´s downfall, inciting him to do the wrong things, and in some situations, she is thought to be a representation of evil. Lady Macbeth is very ambitious, and she “wants” to be a man, because men are supposed to be cruel. She is the force that allows

Germ theory of disease is one of the theories in the biology field. Germ theory of disease supports that microorganisms that are germs are the cause of diseases. This theory was first proposed by Girolamo Fracastoro in the 16th century but he was not able to provide any evidence to strengthen his proposal. This theory was not accepted easily by the citizen between the 16th century to the 18th century. The pre-existence of miasma theory was the obstacle to the acceptance of germ theory during that

Bacterial Vaginosis What is Bacterial Vaginosis? Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing age and it is caused by an overgrowth of bacteria in the vagina. How does BV occur? Normally, there is a certain amount of bacteria in the vagina that is considered healthy bacteria called Lactobacilli. This kind of bacteria makes the vagina slightly acidic and keeps harmful bacteria from growing. BV occurs when there is an imbalance and there are more harmful

Aims/Hypothesis(es) to be tested Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of vaginal symptoms among women of reproductive age, ages 15-44 years. The number of lactobacilli in the vagina of women with BV is significantly lower than that in healthy women. While some women may be asymptomatic, most experience thin, white or yellow abnormal vaginal discharge and malodor, especially after intercourse. Women with BV have an increased risk of many gynecological complications. Bacterial infections have been

Introduction It was near the end of 18th century that the geographical map of the world was fully navigated as a result of European exploration that initiated a series of changes to the global system today. The exploration started in the early 15th century with the Portuguese discoveries of Atlantic archipelagos and Africa, all the way to the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus in 1492, followed by the major exploration of the various parts of the world by European explorers. To the European

When given an unknown bacteria there are a multitude of steps one must go through to be able to correctly identify what bacteria was given. It is important to correctly identify the bacteria because some bacteria are more harmful than others. The gram stain is the first test that should be performed because it helps narrow down the possibilities by telling one whether the bacteria is gram positive or gram negative. After this test is performed, one shall place bacteria on/in Mannitol Salt agar, MacConkey

Identification of bacteria within Unknown Culture #21 In this experiment, an unknown culture of two different types of bacteria was assigned to each person, a number of tests were performed to isolate and identify these bacterial cells. Based on knowledge from the previous experiments completed in lab, a basic understanding of each type of bacteria was used to create a flow chart that would aid the process of identifying the unknown bacteria within the culture. A gram stain that is performed initially

The first task that I had to do upon receiving my unknown was making two subcultures of it. The “stock” culture would serve as my emergency backup in case my bug got contaminated, while the “working” culture was the one I would utilize to perform the biochemical tests. The next thing I did after this was the gram stain. The purpose of this was to find my bug’s gram designation and morphology so that I would be working in the right direction. My bug retained the safranin stain which meant it was gram

and conjugation in microorganisms . Give a definition and main differences with example . - Transduction : it`s a process of transform the genetic material in bacterial cell where the transform of genetic material occur by virus (bacteriophage) , where the virus transfer the genetic material from the host cell to another host cell , where the virus will initiate another cycle of infection . example : prophages , GTA ( gene transfer agent) . - Transformation : it’s the process when bacterial cell

implies uptake in bacterial, yeast or plant cell DNA while transfection is the term used in reference of mammalian uptake. Chemical transformation, electroporation or particle bombardment is the typical method of construct into a host cell. Conjugation: The easiest illustration is to consider this as a version of bacterial sex. In conjugation the two bacterial cells connect, and the male donates a piece of DNA to the female. The piece of DNA was excised from a bacterial chromosome. The pieces

as well as, how bacteria’s resistance to drugs, specifically antibiotics, can evolve quickly. According to what I have learned in class, antibiotics are used to kill bacteria by inhibiting cell-wall biosynthesis, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, and inhibiting bacterial DNA replication. This also brought us to the discussion of the first antibiotic to be manufactured against illness-induced bacteria during World War II which was Penicillin. The discovery of the antibiotic Penicillin was by

Inducing Prodigiosin Transposon mutagenesis in Serratia Marcescens Introduction Serratia Marcescens is an opportunistic pathogen, mainly of healthcare facilities but can also be found in many diverse environments. Serratia is a gram negative bacteria which can give it innate resistance to certain antibiotics, especially those that target peptidoglycan cell wall synthesis, due to its outer membrane. In an environment with different microorganisms competing for food Serratia holds

prokaryotic cells lack this compartment. All bacteria are prokaryotes. Bearze (2015) provided information about the Bacterial Cell Structure and Function. Vibrio cholerae is a gram negative, non-spore forming, curved rod that is oxidase positive. It is very motile and has a single polar flagellum. Vibrio cholera is 1- 3 µm by 0.5-0.8 µm, is a facultative anaerobe bacteria

There are suggestions that homologous recombination could also be a reason for genetic exchange within and between bacterial species. However, the process of homologous recombination is more successful in integrating DNA into the chromosome when the donor and recipient are relatively closely related, and this type of genetic exchange could principally affect the variation in existing genes rather than introducing new and unique traits to the genome. Hence, its role in

thousands of DNA base pairs (Lee et al., 2012). The plasmids which are contained within the bacterium are copied when the bacterium divides. Plasmids can also be transferred from one bacteria to another. This is completed through a method called conjugation (Frouin et al., 2003). Plasmids encompass an origin of replication (ORI). This site lets them duplicate in bacteria and produce great amounts of DNA. They can also include multiple cloning sites. These are collections of DNA sequences that could

Conjugation is when two organisms is connected to each other through a sex pilus, a copy of a plasmid is then transfer from the donor organism to the recipient organism, the recipient organism can incorporate the plasmid into its chromosome and express new

3. Introduction Microorganisms are microscopic organisms that can be found all around us. They cannot be seen with a naked eye, but can be viewed with the use of a microscope. Microorganisms occupy a wide range of environments. They can be harmful or beneficial. We can classify microorganisms into 4 main groups namely Viruses, Bacteria, Protista and Fungi. In this investigation we are going to focus on the microorganism Bacteria. This investigation investigates whether a dirty potato in favorable

Q1A: What is the mechanism of action of colistin? Colistin is an antibiotic that works best against Gram-negative bacteria. It works by binding to LPSs (lipopolysaccrides) and phospholipids in the outer cell membrane of the bacteria. This, in turn, disrupts the outer cell membrane by displacing cations and leaking the intracellular contents, combining it with outer cellular contents, causing the bacteria to be unable to differentiate the bacteria’s intra and outer cellular contents from one another