Caliph Essays

help to throw light on both, by illustrating their similarity or difference (Black, 2011). It may also suggest the role of the different impacts to which each was exposed (Black 2011). The Caliph is the successor of the God’s messenger – Omar was the landmark figure in Islamic history as he dictated how a Caliph should be chosen (Al-Jazeera, 2016). It was during his reign that most of the conquests had occurred (Al-Jazeera,2016). He was the founder of the institutions of the state, and during his

By 630 CE, paganism successfully ended by the Prophet Muhammad, which unified Bedouin. After the prophet’s death, the Islamic civilization expand rapidly in Asia, Africa, and Europe. A new era was created by the Muslims who contributed many resources, intellectual and cultural achievements. The Islamic faith transformed the Post Classical period. The prophet Muhammad shaped Bedouin culture by unifying them, religiously, politically and intellectually, which made expansion possible through the feuding

Throughout history, many impactful and memorable empires have arisen. Each empire has its own defining traits that lead to its success or demise. Some empires are very similar, while some posses many different traits. And although some can possess the same quality, their implication and utilization of that quality can create many gaps in the empire’s overall similarity to the other. Two powerful and historically important empires are the Ottoman empire, and the Mughal empire. The two empires share

Elan C. Amirianfar Professor Saieidi Religion M-105B 17 February 2023 Midterm Exam 105B The Lack of Historical Events in the Occultation and Return of the Twelfth Imam The Hidden 12th Imam refers to one of the mystical figures in Shia Islam. Muhammad al-Mahdi, known generally as Mahdi, is believed to have gone into hiding as a precaution against the ravaging persecution orchestrated by the Abbasid empire. The decision to go into hiding marked the beginning of his occultation. This is the belief

There was a vacancy for leadership and a question of who was qualified to fill it. At that time the companions of the Prophet were elected to be central leaders and were known as Caliphs. The way in which Caliphs were elected, and who succeeded them, is where the difference between Sunni and Shia begins. The third Caliph to rule was ‘Uthman, who “provoked bitter opposition, conspiracies and eventually civil war” (Lapidus, page 46). He was murdered for the initiatives he took during his reign including

believe that Muhammad’s rightful successor should be elected by the citizens and would be given the title of Caliph. The Sunnis think that Caliphs should be chosen by Muslim families since they reinforce Muhammad’s teaching that every Muslim has a direct relationship with Allah. This is proven when http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/sunnisshiites.html states “Sunnis believe that the position of Caliph should be a position to which one is elected by the religious leaders of the Islamic community, and not

The Abbasid Dynasty: The Golden Age of Islamic Civilization Because of a few exceptionally competent caliphs and their guides, the Abbasid Caliphate flourished through the early ninth century, notwithstanding the significant difficulties of decision an enormous and multiethnic domain. Al-Ma'mun embraced the radical Mu'tazili religious philosophy, which was impacted by Greek logic and held that God could be seen through reasonable request, and that conviction and practice ought to be liable to

husband, the noble justice of a vizier, and the intense vengeance of a caliph, expose King Shahrayar’s shortcomings in his rule of his kingdom and the smooth manipulation of him by Shahrazad. At this point in the story, the reader knows the two possible perpetrators of the crime, yet the vizier has yet to figure out who actually committed the crime itself: the father of the victim or the husband of the victim. “Then the caliph said to Ja’far, ‘Hang them both.’ But Ja’Far said, ‘O Commander of the

this poison of a divide must be understood if it is to be dealt with. Islam was created in the year 610 by the Prophet Mohammed who then died in 632. This began the dispute over who would then lead the Islamic people, this person would be titled Caliph. The Shias believed that his successor should be someone from Mohammed’s bloodline, as they believed it holy.

spread and pass on his lessons. 7. Umma was a group that Muslims from Mecca and Medina joined to shape. It was set up by the common faith in Muhammad as God's errand person and the acknowledgment of Islam. The caliphate was the area affected by the caliph, the individual who was accepted to be the successor of Muhammad. The caliphate was more than only a characterized group; it took after a greater amount of a realm with its single pioneer and desire to grow through

some continuities between 600 to 1450 c.e.. The Middle East during the time of 600 c.e. was the first spread and start of Islam which stated a change reaction for the religion, but it also started a new type of rule from controlling city- states to caliphs. The economy also changed from using agriculture only in the Middle East to trading through the Indian Ocean. The Middle East in the 600 to 1450 c.e. changed from their ruling tactics, the continuity of their religion, Arabic language, and women’s

Introduction: The Abbasid Caliphate, who ruled the Islamic world after the Ummayads, portrayed the golden era of the Islamic civilization. The Abbasid’s ruled the Islamic civilization from 750 to 1258 AD, causing it to be one of the greatest, most powerful, and most leading Islamic dynasties that ever existed. The Abbasid’s early history shows how it was one of the biggest empires ever established as it spread all the way from Far East to far west. This allowed the Abbasids to capture some of the

Change and Continuity in the Middle East Between 600 and 1450 religion in the Middle East changed in that of major splits and new religion emerging; however the status of women seem to remain the same. There are three major religions that had a major impact on the Middle East. Judaism is the monotheistic religion of the Jews, it originated in Canaah Israel and Palestanian territories. Christianity is another major religion that originated in the Middle East. Later on the church was split into different

not die with it. In the next 100 years after Muhammad passed away, Muhammad's caliphs timized the size of their empire by 10. The Islamic territory spread from Cordoba, to the black sea, to Kabul, and down to the Niger River. (Document C)They were determined to keep the Islamic word alive. His followers all went in different directions to get the word out. Muhammad's caliphs also had specific rules to accommodate. Caliphs had to maintain the religion, execute judgements, defend the lands, enforce legal

group of people who accepted Islam and Muhammad. This meant that they believed that Muhammad was truly the "Messenger of God", which is what Muhammad stated. On the other hand, the caliphate which was an Islamic government that was led by a caliph. The caliph was a person who could also be called "successor", which is what people called Muhammad. 8) The followers of Islam considered the revelations of Muhammad "more perfect" because unlike the Bible, the revelations of Muhammad was not edited, and

Islam came into the world in the seventh century by the workings of the Prophet Muhammad, his successors and their arabic-speaking warriors. The eighth and tenth century receives a good deal of attention as this was the period of the Abbasid caliphate. This phase of time was considered important to the evolution of Islamic civilization, which includes the significance of the Abbasids end in power. The end of the Abbasid reign marked an end of an era of political unity in the Muslim world. As much

The impact of Islam in the Middle East and Asia and their government and culture were both similar and yet very contrasting. Some Comparison made in both of their culture would be how both had a similar patriarchal control over women. In the Middle East they had veiling of women, in which women must wear a headscarf or veil to show modesty when around males that weren’t their relatives, and could only be seen without it when near her family and/or husband. In Asia they had foot binding which is the

was nearby the sultan al-Mu’tadid on his deathbed as the caliph could no longer speak; al-Mu’tadid communicated with Safi through using signs and gestures. During his son succession, Safi as well was seen nearby the successor caliph in his deathbed (al-Muktafi) who began losing his mind; therefore, al-Hurami passed his seal to the vizier to sign essential legislation papers. “During the sultan’s temporary recovery, Safi informed the caliph that two Abbasid princes seem to be mobilizing support.”Prompting

meant that the Arabs controlled routes to the east. Bagdad developed into a massive commercial market that connected Europe, Central Asia, and Africa. This led to an exchange of ideas, technology, and culture. But with the growth of the empire, the caliph had become less of the spiritual leader of Muslims and

During the Post-Classical Era, the religious outlook of the Middle East changed greatly. While the Islamic world perpetrated a long withstanding patriarchy, there were great changes in leadership structure. Great divisions were also drawn from disagreements in leadership and succession. Islamic society was patriarchal, and women were not equal to men. While advocating oppression of women, the Qur'an reads, “Men have authority over women because Allah has made them superior the the other.” It also