Penicillium Essays

Cellulose normally referred as the most abundant macromolecule on earth that produced by plant. This cellulose is a type of carbohydrate which often found in plant. The cellulose synthesis can also occurs in other groups rather than plants, such as groups of algae, a number of bacterial species including cyanobacteria and also tunicates in the animal kingdom (Saxena et al., 2005). Cellulose generally consists of glucose glycosidically linked in β-1-4 conformation as shown in Figure 2.1. The repeating

Penicillin production Compare the growth phases that occur in a broth culture with what happens in an industrial chemo stat? Within an industrial chemo stat the production would be on a much larger scale and would be more efficient than that of a broth culture performed in the lab. The industrial process involves a batch fermenter that is enclosed making it easier to control the conditions within There are various things that are more controlled in the industrial chemo stat such as: 1) The temperature

A type of mold, Penicillium notatum, secreted a substance, penicillin, which obstructed the bacterial growth (“Discovery and Development of Penicillin). After Fleming identified that penicillin could kill bacteria, he started experimenting with mold to discover the extent

blue-green mold on a Staphylococcus culture. Fleming concluded that the mold was releasing a substance that was inhibiting bacterial growth. He grew a pure culture and discovered that the fungus was Penicillium notatum, he later named the bacterial inhibiting substance penicillium after the Penicillium notatum that released it. (Jody) Paragraph 6: In our group we have decided that the single most important thing that happened in our decade was when Margret Sanger was the Nation’s most important birth

Introduction In the past, it has been vital to distinguish the identities of microorganisms in the world. Knowing their identity has aided in diagnosing numerous diseases and has discovered the most beneficial treatment. Lately, it has been vital to differentiate the identities of microorganisms worldwide. Recognizing their identity has aided in diagnosis numerous diseases and has discovered the most beneficial treatment. To study in microbiology, it is crucial for us to use microscope for microorganism

on the inside of the bread and it absorbs all the nutrients from the bread which helps the mold grow. Neurospora also known as the red mold is a good type of mold bakers uses it to boost the yeast. The third type of mold for the bread is penicillium. Penicillium is noticed by its greyish blue with white circles. All three of these molds are not toxic but if you eat the bread with mold on it you will get

Camembert cheese is an example of a surface mould-ripened cheese with a soft- consistency and a flat cylindrical form, measuring approximately 11cm in diameter and 2.5cm thick. Surface mould- ripened cheeses are characterised by the presence of Penicillium camemberti on the surface resulting in felt- like coating of white mycelia this mould is responsible for the distinct appearance, aroma and texture of the cheese. Cheese ripening involves a complex series of biochemical and chemical events that

easy to culture and they occupy little space. They are widely used in production of enzymes through the recombinant DNA technology. A wide variety of enzymes have been produced by fungi. In the textile industry, catalases produced by A. niger and Penicillium species are used to treat and modify cotton fibers. Cellulases and xylanases from Trichoderma viride and T. reesei help in the tanning of leather finishing fabrics and making stonewashed jeans. An enzyme supplement BeanoTM used in cases of digestive

power of observation provided the impetus to Fleming to usher in the antibiotic era via the discovery of penicillin from the fungus Penicillium notatum. After which, array of bioactive metabolites was isolated from microorganisms including fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes. Fleming in 1929 discovered the serendipitous penicillin from the filamentous fungus, Penicillium notatum, and he discovered the broad therapeutic use of this agent in the 1940s (Demain and Fang, 2000). This ushered a new era in

Penicillin is an antibiotic which is made from the mould from Penicillium. Penicillium is a fungi which is found naturally in soils, wood, plants etc. (Frisvad & Samson, 2004). During the early 20th century a scientist by the name of Alexander Fleming discovered the effects of the Penicillin. (Dougherty & Pucci, 2011) Fleming discovered this effect by luck, he went away for a holiday and when you came back he saw some petri dishes he had left which contained Staphylococcus. Fleming saw that Penicillin

Alexander Fleming realized when Staphylococcus (a certain bacteria) was contaminated by a mold which is Penicillium fungi and when he was observing all the bacteria cells that was closest to the molds were dying. Staphylococcus is a group of bacteria that causes a number of disease as a result of the infection of various tissues in the body. With further testing

Figure 1: Chemical structure of Aflatoxin (B1, B2, M1, M2, G1 and G2) Ochratoxins They occur in nature as Ochratoxin A, B, and C. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by several fungi (Penicillium, Fusarium and Aspergillus species), and occurs naturally in a variety of plant products such as cereals, coffee, beans, pulses and dried fruit all over the world (Duarte et al., 2010). It has been detected also in products such as wine, beer and grape juice (Sage et al., 2002). It occurs in kidney

FCL10003 Winter Term 2014 Individual Oral Presentation Outline (2.5%) 1. Attention getter: • Good morning to everyone. • Does anyone know what penicillin is? I bet everyone know it and some even use it before. But, let me ask you, do you know who discovered penicillin? Well, the penicillin is discovered by my favourite innovator, Sir Alexander Fleming. 2. Introduction: • Profile/bio data/background of the innovator o Sir Alexander Fleming was famous as a Biologist and Pharmacologist. Fleming was

Escovopsis. My lab group tested whether other fungal species were also susceptible to the antifungal compounds. With a pseudo Kirby-Bauer test, we found that the presence of the bacteria inhibited the growth of Aspergillus, but not that of Penicillium. We thought that Penicillium was not inhibited because of structural differences between it and the susceptible fungi, but it is possible that penicillin killed off the bacteria. Unfortunately, the short stay prevented us from confirming our theory, and I left

Sir Alexander Fleming was born August 6th 1881 in Lochfield, Scotland. He was born to Hugh Fleming and his second wife Grace Morton. At the tender age of seven Alexander’s father died and it fell upon his mother and oldest brother, Thomas, to keep both the family and the farm afloat. From here on Fleming showed a natural intelligence, uncommon for both his age and upbringing. At the age of 13 Fleming moved to London following his brothers John and Thomas, who were physicians.There he attended Regent

The greatest hero of World War II may come as a surprise. Penicillin is responsible for saving hundreds of thousands of lives from infectious diseases during the war. Penicillin took a while to become a widely used medicine, but its effects were revolutionary. To lead off, the first discovery of penicillin was made by Alexander Fleming. This monumental discovery happened to have been found and created by accident. After returning from a month long vacation, Fleming noticed something in one of

Chapter-1 INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction Phosphorus (P) is one of the most essential component of the nucleic acid structure which regulates protein synthesis and plays an important role in biological growth and development. Being the most limiting macronutrient after nitrogen, P plays a significant role in increasing root ramification and strength as well as provides vitality and disease resistance. Along with these essential functions, P is also associated with complex signal transduction

kinds of bacteria. They became known a sulfa drugs. Third, there is the discovery of penicillin. In August 1928 Alexander Fleming, a Scottish scientist, returned to his lab and found that one of his cultures had been ruined by a type of mold called Penicillium. When Fleming took a closer look he noticed that the bacteria around the mold were dying. Next, he tried to purify the substance in the mold. It was a long process, but he eventually got a small amount of the substance. Because the substance was

“Bacteriologist Alexander Fleming left for vacation one day in September of 1928, he left his laboratory a mess… When he came back he noticed that every dish had been covered in mold… a dish that caught Flemings eye contained… a rare spore called Penicillium notatum.” Fleming did not know that leaving his laboratory a mess he

1. Introduction Phosphorus (P) is vital for the growth of plants and is the second major macro-element after nitrogen, which limits plant growth (Gyaneshwar et al., 2002). Most of the soluble inorganic phosphate is applied annually to the soil as a chemical fertilizer, which is immobilized quickly and again becomes inaccessible to plants. Hence, the lower amount of soluble P in soil is one of the limiting factors for agronomic crop production. Fertilizers (microbial inoculant) offer a solution, as