Topic: The Breast Screen NSW program should continue to be offered and promoted to the population. However, it should be available only to women who have demonstrated that they understand the epidemiological evidence about the potential benefits and harms of participation.
Argument: In this essay I will argue that The Breast Screen NSW program are justified for the prevention of breast cancer but it should be available for every woman aged from 50 to 74 not only for those women who can understand the epidemiological evidence about the potential benefits and harms of participation.
Background: Before addressing the question I would like to clarify some initial concepts and assumptions. Breast cancer is the second largest cause of cancer death
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The vast majority women who is eligible for screening is in between 50 to 74 years but women aged 40 to 49 and 75 years and over are also available. Although women under 40 is in low risk category but still some of them can develop breast cancer. Around 27% of all female cancers are due to breast cancer except skin cancer. So that its high important to make sure that women are getting screening. (11) The success of breast screening program depends on majority voluntary participation. Breast cancer groups have been become more extensive by including older women as …show more content…
This screening programme trying to encourage all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, women from different cultural background. So there will be no justification for further government interventions. (16). However, if voluntary coverage rates are not high enough, the state is justified to intervene to protect the women from breast cancer. In Australia the participation rate of breast screening is about 54% in aged 50 to 74 years according to 2014-2015 data which is more than 5 in 10. (17) In that situation government should take more steps to promote the importance of breast screening, increase women understanding of breast cancer screening benefits and harms to reduce further mortality from breast
But not all tumors are life-threatening. Experts say doctors can’t tell which breast tumors are harmless; so many mammograms produce a “false positive”. These false results can cause women to have surgery, radiation and other unnecessary treatments.
1. Create an applied research project. a. Identify what type of applied analysis you would be conducting (process evaluation, outcome evaluation, needs assessment, or combination of any of these). This is a needs assessment analysis that targeted an old model of issuing identification cards to abuse victims trying to leave their abuser, which was problematic because of the time it took to issue the cards and the methods it employed requiring the victims to prove who they are. This assessment, evaluation of an old government model was to determine if the new model was more effective than the old model for this particular program and if the officials tasked with issuing new and or replacement identification to the women and their families
The introduction of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) has been evaluated as a lasting legacy for Gillard (Nicholson 2013, pp.6) in aiming to reduce inequities faced by individuals and groups in society. This legacy is further benefitted by Gillard’s goal to revolutionise education, through increased funding and adopting a student-centred approach to education and national curriculum (Gillard 2012b). By focusing on equality and fairness (Johnson 2011, pp.572), the Gillard government saw success in policies regarding introducing national employment standards under the Fair Work Commission Act 2009 (Government of Australia, 2010), reinvigorating multiculturalism (Tavan 2012, pp.547) and finally initiating the use of plain tobacco packaging, a huge achievement in society (Arkley 2014,
Which still leaves an un-answered question, but still a fight. Cancer is a Very serious matter and a nationwide outreach. Known as Breast cancer month but it’s also Cancer awareness month. So one day all the praying, questions, and donation will pay off and cancer will be no
Women attaining lower incomes are more likely to experience the worst outcomes when they are diagnosed with breast cancer. Hence, studies have demonstrated that African American women are 40% to 70% risk of being diagnosed with stage 4
Indigenous Australians needs in regard to healthcare is one of the greatest challenges faced by healthcare professionals. The treatment of a patients condition tends to be the main focus of healthcare in a demanding and complex health system. Although it has being found that when taking then time there is actually essential ways in which the healthcare system can develop the needs of Indigenous Australians further. The Nursing Code of Conduct, statement four states, ““Nurses respect the dignity, culture, ethnicity, values and beliefs of people receiving care and treatment, and of their colleagues” (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2015). This is achieved by understand how social and cultural structures such as language, education, society and
Three main factors to this trend in cancer is frequent exposure to environmental carcinogens, inheritance of cancer genes and having a weak immune system. For instance, “ The results of the research indicate that DNA damage does occur in workers exposed to low concentrations of styrene.” (Doc. D) Since workers are frequently being exposed to carcinogens their cells are vulnerable to damage. A majority of these workers that come in contact with these carcinogens work in construction or agricultural fields.
The pro is that regular mammography can reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer by about 20%. One con about mammography is false positives, which leads to more testing and can include biopsies and another con is the potential risk of over diagnosis. Over diagnosis is caused when some of the tine cancers it finds may not progress or threaten the patient’s life, however, since there is no way to be sure which ones turn will turn dangerous, they are all treated. (Grady,
The practical, medical side of the profession, where it may be beneficial to actually have a section in pathology forms that indicate the Indigenous Australian status, so that more data and research could continue to further provide for the Indigenous peoples. This may be able to aid for future competent care of the Aboriginal Australian people’s. Another practical tool and technique that will benefit the Aboriginal Australians would be to have more ‘point-of-care’ (Henery, Houston, Mooney, 2004). resources readily available, so that diseases may be prevented and certain diseases that Indigenous peoples have a higher risk of developing such as diabetes can be treated right on the spot.
From the start of colonisation, Indigenous Australian populations were demolished due to the introduced diseases, the loss of land and livelihood. Nothing was done to provide health services despite loss of life and widespread disease. The crises currently occurring in Indigenous health is due to generations of mistreatment, failure to provide adequate resources and lack of understanding. Up until 1967 Indigenous Australians has no right to healthcare services and had little power to change this due to the policy decisions set in place that restricted them from making their own decisions. (REFFERENCE)
The disease is twice as prevalent in women as in men older than 50
Of the fifty eight studies conducted, over 700 recommendations have been made, and only a handful have been implemented; this is a very good example of how the federal government has breached their fundamental and moral obligations to protect all women without discrimination (Legal Strategy Coalition on Violence Against Indigenous Women 2015). In a discussion held at the University of Toronto, Pam Palmater (2015), an aboriginal lawyer, said that “the days of saying the federal government should save [aboriginal peoples] are long over. All of it should not be up to the state, but it starts at the top with accountability.” While Harper has agreed to keep raising awareness, he has not committed to a national inquiry; he said “it [is not] high on our radar, to be honest” (Fitzgerald 2015). It is comments such as this that deter the general public from caring about this dire issue; if the head of state does not acknowledge that this is a pressing issue, it is understandable to see why the rest of the country does not understand the severity and scope of the issue.
Inequalities in health between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and their non-Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander counterparts are noted by the World Health Organisation to be the largest in the world. There is a strong connection between low life expectancy for Indigenous Australians and poor health. In 2012-2013, Indigenous Australians were 4 times more likely to be hospitalised for chronic conditions compared with non-Indigenous Australians. In 2012 the rate of disability for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians was 1.7 times the rate for non-Indigenous Australians. These statistics further outline how these inequities impact their health, wellbeing and quality of life, increasing the inequity gap.
Breastfeeding in Public Breastfeeding has been around forever now, but it’s now not being accepted to be done in public. Women will hear comments like,” could you please cover up,” or ,“ do you really have to do that infront of me?” Women should not have to be judged for something that is natural and healthy. Now, women are starting to fight back towards these comments and won’t stand for what people have to say about them feeding their child. Women should not have to suffer through the harassment of people saying how it’s inappropriate because it is healthy, natural, and legal.
The cancer industry spends virtually nothing of its multi-billion dollar resources on prevention strategies, such as dietary advice, exercise, and obesity education. Instead, it pours its money into treating cancer - chemotherapy drugs, radiotherapy, surgeries, and diagnostic technologies. Why?