CULTURAL HERITAGE AND INDIAN ECONOMY Dr. RADHA TIWARI Prof. JINALI PATEL Asst. Professor (Economics) Asst. Professor (English) Ashvinbhai A. Patel Commerce College, Ashvinbhai A. Patel Commerce College, Sector – 23, Gandhinagar. Sector – 23, Gandhinagar ABSTRACT Cultural Heritage, classic and contemporary, contributes to the identity and branding of territory, so relevant in an age of globalization and fierce competition, as also the base for sustainable and endogenous development. It constitutes an essential engine for economic development being the major measure of economic impact on heritage conservation entailing jobs for household income; center city revitalization; heritage tourism; property …show more content…
Culture is everything in a particular society and Indian culture is no easy composite of varying styles and influences. Indian culture was moulded throughout various eras of history. It is a medley of amazing diversities and startling contradictions, but above all, it represents the multifaceted aspects of India as a whole. India is the birthplace of renowned religions such as Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism, which have a strong prevalence and influence not only over India, but also the whole world. India has managed to preserve its culture and traditions through the ages, all the while absorbing customs, traditions and ideas from both invaders and immigrants. Many cultural practices, languages, customs and dances are examples of this co-mingling over centuries. Thus, Indian culture is a composite mixture of varying styles and influences. It would not be an exaggeration to note that all diverse in nature encompass to form the culture of India. Very few countries in the world have such an ancient and diverse culture as …show more content…
Even in very ancient times our ships could sail across the vast open seas and reach foreign shores to establish commercial ties with several countries. The literature, art and sculpture of the neighbouring countries clearly shows the influence of Indian culture and civilization. Even in places like Surinam and the Caribbean Islands that are as far as the American coast, there is evidence of ancient Indian culture. Samudra Gupta (AD 340-380) not only had a powerful army but also had a strong navy. Some inscriptions discovered in the Trans-Gangetic Peninsula and the Malaya Archipelago testifies to the activities of Indian navigators in the Gupta age. Hsuan-tsang, who visited India during the reign of Emperor Harsha (AD 606-647), has also written a detailed description of India during those times. The Chola rulers had built a strong navy and conducted raids across the
On October 12, 1492 Christopher Columbus, and his crew came, upon some islands that they believed to be part of India. Not long after it was revealed that they had in fact come across outlying islands of an entire continent unknown--to most Europeans--before then. Columbus’s “discovery” resulted in the connecting of three landmasses, Europe, Africa, and the Americas. This affiliation--referred to by historians as “The Collision of Worlds”--allowed for a network of trade to erupt across the Atlantic. It was not favorable to all, though.
The 15th century was the start of many voyages and the popular use of ships for trade, traveling, and exploration. Columbus, de Gama, and Zheng He, were all leaders Zheng He was the first major ocean voyager in the 15th century. He led seven expeditions, through the Indian ocean using over 300 massive boats called “treasure ships”. Though, unlike many others in his time, he was not an explorer.
Analyze changes and continuities in the commercial life of the Indian Ocean region from 650 CE - 1750 CE Between the post classical era and early modern period the Indian Ocean region underwent many changes and continuities in commerce. The most noticeable changes have to include technological advancement, goods, and superiority over the region; crucial continuities include the continuation of the use of the trade routes and the main purpose it was established for, trade. Naturally, 650-1750 CE covers a large time frame. There were several developments and advancements in technology.
From 1500- circa 1600 the Indian Ocean was a flourishing trade center that had various central locations run by some of the most powerful countries at the time. This led to a bulk of issues and a number of benefits. The Portuguese were a very powerful leader of the region and were known for their harsh culture and, almost pirate like in some ways of their customs. Their power and influence made a considerable difference in the culture and regional power throughout trade in the Indian Ocean. The Portuguese transformed maritime trade in the Indian Ocean to a large extent because of the threatening power changes, corrupt trading, and the way the trade goods’ quality transformed over time.
Between 650 and 1750 C.E., the Indian Ocean region became one of the most important centers for trade. During this period, one significant change regarding commerce in this region was the development of new technological advancements that helped facilitate trade. Another major change was the increased involvement of the Europeans in the Indian Ocean commerce shortly after discovering it. Despite these changes, the types of goods traded and the trade routes continued to stay the same.
In the 16th century the Portuguese transformed maritime trade in the Indian Ocean to a large extent because of how much they changed the practices in the trade. First the Portuguese came to start war and push out
Prior to the voyage of Christopher Columbus in 1492, there were multiple empires growing to astonishing amounts of power on different sides of the earth. In the undiscovered Western Hemisphere, the great empire of the Aztecs were growing to considerable size and power; single handily controlling regional trade. In the highly active Eastern Hampshire, the powerful empire of Songhai was quickly becoming one of the strongest and wealthiest West African empires in history. The success of these empires came from a strong combination of historic prospectives, but those which helped define their legacies were a combination of: physical, capital, state action and ideas. Through analyzing these perspectives, there is a considerable finding that there are many similarities and differences between each empire that account for many years of regional power.
Between 600 CE to 1750 CE, the process by which trade was conducted on the Indian Ocean changed dramatically. With the new maritime knowledge in the Indian Ocean, larger ships were able to connect Africa to the rest of the Indian Ocean network, leading to merchant Diaspora which continued throughout the era. From 1000 CE to 1400 CE, African city-states began to grow and led to an intensified trading network throughout the Indian Ocean. With this increase in cross-cultural interaction, new technology, ideas and diseases were exchanged.
The Portuguese set up a trading post on the Malabar coast with Muslims working there but once they saw that the King of Portugal made himself master there they began to leave Calicut for their own safety (Doc 2). After the Portuguese established another trading post in Cochin on the Malabar Coast they started to ensure every ship that set voyage a safe conduct pass, which was issued for a certain fee (Doc 5). These two documents also show how the Portuguese started off by establishing trading posts on the coast of Malabar but soon began to charge fees for a safe conduct pass of ships. Document 5 also shows how the Portuguese would seize the cargo off of every ship and the crew if they did not have their pass. This document also shows how the Portuguese had ships stationed all over the Indian Ocean to lie and wait to intercept any vessels.
During this period, innovations in ship building and knowledge on the sea made long travels possible. More people started exploring, searching for new information and wealth. Vasco da Gama and his expedition were exploring a sea route to India. Vasco da Gama said, “...they needed not what was to be found in this country...but desired to be his friend and brother.” (Doc 4) Vasco da Gama had been sent by the king of Portugal claiming that the king had wanted to improve his relationship with India.
Every day we use our culture. Whether it be to argue claims, express opinions, or make decisions, culture plays a part in each area. Culture is who we are, one’s identity, its extent is enormous over our views and actions. A person grows up surrounded with culture at a young age. This can affect how they learn and what they learn.
During the 15th and 16th centuries, leaders of a few European nations sent expeditions out in the hope that explorers would find great wealth and vast undiscovered lands. The Portuguese were the earliest participants in this “Age of Discovery.” Starting in about 1420, Portuguese ships sailed the African coast, carrying spices, gold, slaves and other goods from Africa and Asia to Europe.
Before 300, there was small amounts of long distance trade along the trade networks. After 300, empires started to get larger and more powerful, the technology was improved so they could travel long distances, and the necessity for luxuries and raw materials were greater. That caused more long distance trade along the trade routes. In the Indian Ocean before 300, the amount of trade was limited due to the lack of good ships. After 300, the invention of dhow ships, lateen sails, and the compass made travel easier in the Indian Ocean.
The world is diverse and filled with so many different types of cultures. Many are specific for a certain country or often seen worldwide. It also depends on their history. For example, Thailand is a unique country with a cultured filled history. They can be compared and contrasted with other cultures, for example,the U.S. culture.
In contrast, cultural heritage sites are the main tourist attractions of Kathmandu. The tourism industry is well managed in Colorado. On the other hand, the tourism industry is still developing in Kathmandu. The total number of tourists visiting Colorado is higher than the number of tourists visiting Kathmandu. In the same way, people don’t have to buy an entrance ticket to visit places in Kathmandu.