Coronary Artery Disease Research Paper
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain among the top causes of global morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization cited that cardiovascular diseases are responsible for 17.5 million deaths worldwide according to its latest survey in 2012—comprising about 46.2% of noncommunicable disease (NCD) deaths and surpassing mortalities from other leading NCDs, such as cancers (8.2 million), chronic respiratory diseases (4.0 million) and diabetes mellitus (1.5 million) combined. It is projected that deaths from NCDs to rise near 52 million by 2030. In the Philippines, it is estimated that there is 27.9% risk of mortality caused by any of the four mentioned NCDs between ages 30 and 70 years.
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There are still many issues regarding this topic which are not yet defined. The composition of gut microbiome of Filipino CAD patients and high-risk individuals has never been described. TMAO levels are strongly link in the development of CAD, nevertheless its association to altered gut microbiome is not fully known. It is not clear to which members of the gut microbiota are increasing levels of TMAO can be attributed to. The risk factors of atherosclerosis are already established by previous studies. However, the relationship of these risk factors to altered gut microbiome is yet to be discovered. There are also uncertainties if other gut microbial metabolite, aside from TMAO, can contribute to the incidence of coronary artery disease. Metabolic pathways generated by the gut microbiome are also needed to be …show more content…
To characterize the composition of gut microbiota communities of low-risk, high-risk and coronary artery disease (CAD) individuals
2. To compare the gut microbiome and serum TMAO levels of low-risk, high, risk, and CAD individuals
3. To determine the association of known cardiac risk factors to the structure of gut microbiome of low-risk, high-risk, and CAD individuals
4. To identify the association of functional capacity of the gut microbiota to the risk of developing cardiovascular events from CAD
5. To describe the possible metabolic networks generated by the gut microbiome in the setting of CAD and risk conditions
1.4 Significance of the Study
Undeniably, microbiome research has been one of the most important and exciting areas of human health research in present times. Microbiome can be an attractive and novel target for healthcare strategies. By investigating the structure of the gut microbiota of Filipino patients suffering from CAD, the proposed study can help in defining a "core microbiome" characteristic of CAD. The data can provide a possible source of novel targets for drug development and therapies. Personalized therapeutic approaches can be improved. In addition, exploring microbiome can possibly lead to discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic markers for CAD by examining metabolic functions carried by the gut
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