Organic Amnesia Research Paper

One of the books that deals with amnesia is a book titled "the maze runner". The book is about a boy name Thomas who wakes up in an elevator box and finds himself in a place called the glade. Thomas doesn 't have any memory of who he is and how he ended up in the glade. The glade is run by two guys name Alby who is the head leader and another guy by the name of Newt. Each month, a new guy who has no memory of who he is ends up in the elevator box. Thomas suffers from what is called retrograde amnesia meaning that he 's not able to recall any events nor does not know who he is before his amnesia and waking up in a different world (Groome, 2014).

This is a report of two different specialty psychological fields, Psychopathology/disorders and Learning & Memory. It will look at seven different questions regarding these fields. This will give insight to the reader as to the specifics of these fields. As psychology is in everything looking at these sub-fields can give interesting information as to how it penetrates the mind.

Meyers, C. E. (2006). Memory Loss & the Brain. Retrieved July 21, 2016, from http://www.memorylossonline.com/glossary/anterogradeamnesia.html

The biological approach to the basis of memory is explained in terms of underlying biological factors such as the activity of the nervous system, genetic factors, biochemical and neurochemicals. In general terms memory is our ability to encode, store, retain and recall information and past experiences afterwards in the human brain. In biological terms, memory is the recreation of past experiences by simultaneous activation or firing of neurons. Some of the major biopsychological research questions on memory are what are the biological substrates of memory, where are memories stored in the brain, how are memories assessed during recall and what is the mechanism of forgetting. The two main reasons that gave rise to the interest in biological basis of memory are that researchers became aware of the fact that many memory deficits arise from injuries to the brain. And the other reason was that they realized that psychological processes must have a physiological basis.

There are various possible causes of this type of amnesia; one of them is oxygen deprivation. This refers to any illness that weakens the oxygen supply to the brain, such as a heart attack or any sever respiratory disease. Another cause of neurological or organic amnesia is a stroke or brain inflammation. In addition, it can also be caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage (bleeding in the area between the skull and brain), some seizure disorders and head injuries (like those that occur in car accidents). Thus, Paige had neurological/organic amnesia as she got amnesia due to a head injury from a car accident. Functional or psychogenic amnesia is caused by an emotional shock such as being the victim of a brutal crime, sexual abuse and child abuse. Fundamentally, any unbearable life event that causes extreme psychological stress and internal dispute could be the cause of functional or psychogenic

Mixed dementia is another type of dementia, it is the combination of Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia or in general it is the conditions where changes can be represented with considering more than one type of dementia which occurs simultaneously in the brain, thus this type of dementia causes 10% of dementia cases. The symptoms of this type of dementia is that it depends on the type of dementia that are occurred simultaneously in the brain but it may have the same symptoms of Alzheimer’s type of dementia.

A: Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence in (one or more) of the following:

The article titled “Half of Alzheimer 's cases misdiagnosed” made it evidently clear that Alzheimer’s disease is a disease we have yet to fully understand or treat. Not only is there a lack of information about this disease, it is common for the similar side effects of dementia to be confused with Alzheimer’s disease. To clarify what dementia and Alzheimer’s disease is, I will provide an authentic definition of each. To begin, I will state that there are different forms of dementia. According to a site that specializes in providing information about dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, states that “Dementia is a general term for loss of memory and other mental abilities severe enough to interfere with daily life. It is caused by physical changes in the brain.” (Alzheimer’s Association) Whereas Alzheimer’s is a “Type of dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior.” (Alzheimer’s Association) Generally speaking, one could imagine

At the time the physician removed parts of his hippocampus as a way to stop his seizures. HM seizures went away, but he could not form any new memories. However, one form of memory left intact in both HM and Leonard is the ability to learn skills. This ability is known as procedural memory, a memory that is shown by performance rather than by conscious recollection (Kalat, 1998), it allows us to learn how to do things such as ride a bike or play an instrument. The areas of the brain outside of the hippocampus are involved in procedural memory, which is why an injury that results in anterograde amnesia doesn't affect procedural memory. In the movie, Sammy undergoes a shock test several times, in which he receives a small electrical shock when he picks up a certain object. In the film, Sammy again and again picks up the electrified block and is not responding to classical

In Gittins, Paterson, and Sharpe (2006) study they tested how traumatic situations effect the way they remember things. The participants of the study were shown a video of what happened after a car accident. The video showed many hurt victims and at the end a dead body with a mangled face. The participants had a task of writing everything they remembered about the video. Then they filled out a Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, which assess the participants lever of stress, anxiety and depression. For the Memory measure section, the participants were given a questionnaire that were structured in the form of a cross-examination style questions. The study showed that when the participant frequently recalled the event both lead to an increase in accuracy and a likelihood of developing false memories. And avoidance of the event had lead to a decrease in memory. This research suggests that some PTSD symptoms can help memory recall and others can prevent it (Gittins, Paterson, and Sharpe, 2006, p. 25). PTSD is not proven to help memories, yet it is not proven to harm it. It can be something that interferes with memories, in some cases it can lead to misidentification of suspects involved in traumatic

Retrograde amnesia is when you lose all memories from the recent past ( for example you get some sort of brain damage which then leads to the retrograde amnesia and you lose all memories from the past 2-5 years, maybe even less than 2 years and more than 5 ) . You can get retrograde amnesia from brain injuries traumatic events- (posttraumatic amnesia), surgeries, and/or electroconvulsive therapy - ( fact- some people purposely get electroconvulsive therapy to get amnesia, but it is most likely to trigger a seizure). The retrograde amnesia happens because you lost important brain cells, and once you lost them you can't get them back, so you will have to re-make them by making new memories.

Dementia, Alzheimer's illness and different conditions can likewise bring these memory issues along with different manifestations. When managing such difficult issues such as this one,

Looking on the Internet I came upon article that put a whole new light regarding repressed memories. Scholars like Sigmund Freud believed that repress memories have a detrimental effect on individuals’ lives. Sigmund Freud assumption of repressed memories can have a negative influence on behavior and mental health, but this article, from Time Magazine, discusses the benefits of repressed memories (Sifferlin, A, 2014).

Long term memories will weaken naturally when the age get older and is loss due to the effect of exacerbated of stress and

One famous case of amnesia supporting Squire's view is patient H.M. (Scoville & Milner, 1957), who had parts of his left and right temporal lobe, hippocampus, amygdala and surrounding areas of both removed. He developed severe anterograde amnesia, the inability to learn new information, resulting in an almost completely absent short-term memory storage. He also had moderate retrograde amnesia, unable to remember information between 3 to 11 years prior to his surgery, but with other long-term memories unaffected. Explaining this, Squire argued that memories are consolidated in the hippocampus, easily disrupted by trauma during this. They become less dependent on the hippocampus with time, eventually being stored in the neocortex (Alvarez &