Sphingolipids Lab Report

Proteins are complex macromolecules that are formed by elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Proteins composed of one or more polypeptide chains of amino acids. The main functions of proteins are to structure, support, protect, make movement, catalyst, transport and make hormones in human body. In the structural role, collagen and elastin provide support for connective tissue. Actin and myosin are proteins that involved in muscle contraction and movement.

Hypothalamus Gland Hormones and Their Functions Katherine M. Gaub Western Dakota Tech Hypothalamus Gland Hormones and Their Functions The Hypothalamus gland is responsible for regulating certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system such as, controlling the body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep, attachment behavior, and circadian rhythms. This gland, which is about the size of an almond, is located at the base of the brain and is near the Pituitary gland and just below the thalamus. The Hypothalamus contains neurons that are responsible for releasing different hormones. The hormones that are secreted are; Gonadotropin releasing hormone, Thyrotropin releasing hormone, Corticotropin releasing hormone,

Thus, some of the citric acid cycle are intermediates for other important reactions like the biosynthesis of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids. Due to the many functions of the citric acid cycle is also considered to be the "central hub of metabolism". This is because, as most of the absorbed nutrients, the fuel molecules are oxidized ultimately within the Krebs Cycle and its intermediates are used for various biosynthetic pathways. Figuratively, one can look at the citric acid cycle as a roundabout introduce, in which the nutrients (carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids) drive in and drive out again at the different locations for the synthesis of other

Myosin head bind tightly onto the actin at the binding site and forming a temporary cross-bridge. The formation of this cross bridge resulting in the phosphorylation of the ADP and inorganic phosphate in to ATP. This induces a power stroke movement of the myosin head creating a pulling force on the Z lines of the sarcomere and efficiently allowing the two filaments to slide over each other. The sliding of filaments causes the sarcomere to shorten and the skeletal muscle to

It may limit the application of the PS cyclization as a chemical ligation method for peptides with N-terminal aromatic residue and peptides with aldehyde residue at C-terminal(40). 7. Pictet-spengler reaction for protein chemical modification= proteins are having aldehyde and ketone groups in their structures. So proteins are taken as a substrate and the pictet-spengler reaction is performed for making modification in the chemical nature of the proteins. P. agarwal and co-workers work for protein chemical modification by conducting a pictet-spengler reaction between aldehydes and alkoxyamines.

These cells are acidophilic and produce prolactin. 3. Corticotroph cells. These cells are basophilic and produce adenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) and

The prostanoidsinclude PGF2α, PGI2, PGE2, PGD2and TxA2. Synthesis of individual prostanoids iscatalyzedby specific synthases and they possess distinct biological functions (Davies et al., 2002; Rocca, 2006). 2.5.1. ISOFORMS OF

1 B). Several overexpression, knockdown or knockout experiments of Claudins in primary human foreskin keratinocytes, in primary rat alveolar epithelial cells and in mice show major evidence that these proteins are responsible for changes in the paracellular permeability in the brain endothelial cells (De Benedetto et al., 2011; Furuse et al., 2002; Muto et al., 2010; F. Wang et al., 2003; Watson et al., 2007). As they play part in both, the paracellular barrier and pore formation, their involvement in permeability of epithelial and endothelial cells seems to be crucial (Shen et al., 2011). Expression of these molecules however depends on the tissue and developmental stage of the

Cell Biology BI309 Mini-Review 1 Title: Dynein Motor Proteins In order for eukaryotic cells to be motile they use motor proteins that are propelled by ATP. There are three classes of motor proteins; myosin, kinesin and dynein. Dynein is the motor protein to be discussed in detail for this review. Dynein is a large and complex motor protein found in microtubules of cilia and flagella that causes movement due to the conversion of Adenosine Triphosphate(ATP) which is a form of chemical energy to mechanical energy i.e. movement.

The basilar membrane (BM) is a biological diaphragm in the cochlea has an important role in frequency selectivity. The mammalian ear is composed of three parts: the outer, the middle, and inner ears (Fig