3. Communication, cohesion and trust, the clockwork behind team successfulness (Maznevski, 1994) defines effective communication as method to transmit meaning, which will be kept as intended, from one person to another or others. Obviously, effective communication within a team is a desirable feature. It promotes comprehension between the team members and productively utilizes new pieces of information brought into the team. However, previously in chapter 2, there could potentially two different communication styles, the LCC and HCC presented within a team. Moreover, the difference in languages itself un-doubtedly contributes to the complexity in multicultural team communication. Thus, it is clear that communication is a problematic issue …show more content…
Fault line as defined in Oxford dictionary is a divisive issue or difference of opinion that is likely to have serious consequences. However, in this context it should be understand as a split in teams spawning from the alignment of differ-ent types of diversity in a team (oxforddictionaries.com, 2016). For example, a global team may consist of two product designers, two financers, and two marketers, together from Ger-many, US and Vietnam. If all the product designers are from Germany, all financers are from US and all marketers are from Vietnam, then the working division and cultural division are both influencing the forces towards divergence in the group. This could be immensely hard to overcome. On the other side, if each of the departments (functions) is a collective group of different cultures, the clear division into sub-cultural groups will be reduced. Therefore, the whole team will find the divergent and convergent processes …show more content…
In a globalized world, leadership is not only about interpersonal but also about intercultural skills. This paper is aimed to provide the prominent differences between international team and single-culture team management. In particular, the cultural aspect in multinational groups is what makes it distinctive. Leader of multi-cultural team should be aware of the individual cultural background (HCC or LCC) but also about group composition, whether the team is rather homogeneous in cultural terms or not. Many studies have shown that highly culturally heterogeneous teams are one of the most efficient team-formation, not to mention a higher degree of innovation, as well as broader contact points. However, quite often the leaders or team members are elected or assigned to a team in which it is not possible to change the com-ponent at all or to do so drastically. Thus, adaptation via training could be a good approach to cope with cultural differences when or before conducting business. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that cultural elements should not be kept separated from the team managing routine. By comparing and contrasting the similarities and differences between the approaches of leading international team and a one culture ones, chapter 3 aimed to display the underlying procedures and processes that are occurring inside the dynamics of a
In this section, Schein’s theory of Cultural Paradigm will be described. As previously stated, for Edgar Schein to study culture in an organization is an instrument to assess the effectiveness of that organization to survive. This is only possible if a culture can contribute and not disturb the organizational process of external adaptation; which is described as the ability of an organization to adapt to the changes that occur outside the firm. But with effectiveness, he also means the organization’s capacity to integrate its internal process and to adapt to its internal changes. He asserts that there are two key factors that are determinant for a successful cultural change.
Benkler states that “Nothing is more foundational to cooperation that communication” (Benkler). He also states that “communication is the one thing that is the most unambiguous, most dramatic effect on cooperation, both in experience and in the world” (Benkler). The idea of cooperation and teamwork go hand in hand and therefore these statements also relate to the idea of teamwork. This is why practicing communication is so important and crucial in cooperation and teamwork because without communication the two would either, not exist or not make it far in the measurement of success and what allows the next team to excel. The model of communication is valued so much, in out cultural moment because, we have moved forward from the ideology of being told exactly what to do and focusing only on the outcome.
My interest in intercultural communication and determination of pursuing a career in international education motivated me to apply for the MA ICBP at Warwick University. The decision has been carefully made based on my bachelor degree in International Communications Studies with Spanish, voluntary teaching in primary schools in China and Cameroon. After graduation, I wish to work for as an administrative coordinator in an international education institution or as a program manager of NGO, promoting quality education. With 3-5 year working experience, I will head for a PhD degree to prepare myself for a research-oriented position. Undertaking my bachelor degree in the first Sino foreign university, the University of Nottingham Ningbo China (UNNC), is the first step for me to engage in cross-cultural communication as a learner.
The largest challenge which accompanies the trend of globalization is the issue of cultural differences and variety in leadership which arises in cross-national companies. When the question is asked: ‘What is the biggest barrier in doing business in the world market’, cultural differences ranks first. (Zigang, 2004) A quote by Hofstede states "there is something in all countries called 'management', but its meaning differs to a larger or smaller extent from
Cultural differences in workplaces Introduction: Culture is something that fills a lot these days, as there are so many different cultures and different people, as none individual are alike. Many workplaces / companies often expand and become more global, which means that it is extremely necessary to understand one 's trading partners or customers culture so that you can be capable of working together with different cultures and thereby gain benefits. Culture is a very important concept and it is not hereditary, as it often is that a person adapt to the culture that dominates in your entourage and in the case of your workplace will be those who can work together with and associate with. It can have a great influence on the culture of a workplace
Additionally, have a supportive attitude, build an environment of openness, and tailor management styles to reflect the needs of the team members. Multicultural Team Multicultural teams consist of employees that are heterogeneous. The development of subsidiaries across national borders makes intercultural communication essential. Furthermore, organizations now face new challenges including emotional conflict, cross-cultural barriers, misunderstanding, loss of face to face, and non-verbal communication. Team members should be open to discussing cultural differences and constructing workarounds.
Introduction Team dynamics and groups are used by multinational to owned locally companies and environment of Multinational Corporation as part of project to create, develop, or research a new product, procedure or solution. Regardless of the environment, team dynamics is a growing trend. Realizing that results from a successful learning team as a whole outweigh any possible results from the team’s individual members by themselves only adds value to the team dynamics concept. A successful team dynamics completion can only be accomplished by the supervision of an excellent team leader. Orchestrating a successful team through its life cycle if difficult and takes a special person to lead the team.
It is important therefore that leaders adopt a multi-cultural perspective rather than a country specific to include working with multiple cultures simultaneously (Ersoy, 2014). What leaders need to learn to shape a functional cross-cultural workforce is fundamental human nature. Chuang (2013) list several fundamental skills for the successful global leader of which the top three are developing self-awareness, recognize cultural stereotypes, increase self-assurance, and develop cross-cultural communication skills. Compromises and integrated solutions are a product of effective cross-cultural communication that allows members from various cultures to arrive at acceptable solutions (Ersoy,
According to the literature there is no agreement about the effects of cultural diversity on team performance. What is certain is that the role of multicultural teams has increased a lor in the latest years and multinational companies started to pay great attention on these effects. Generally cultural diversity can affect the team performance in three ways: ● People find easy to work and cooperate with whom shared similar values, attitudes and beliefes according to the cultural similarity theory; ● People tend to class themselves according to their social identity and use their group norms to judge others people behaviour according to social categorization theory; ● An effect of (cultural) diveristy in team can bring a wider variety of networks and prespectives improving the team performance according to the information-processing theory. Pieterse,Knippenberg and Dieredonck define cultural diversity as a “double edge sword” (Milliken & Martins, 1996; Phillips, Northcraft, & Neale, 2006) and try to find out when could be a benefit or a detriment.
Managing cultural diversity Introduction: In the twenty first century the main challenge the leaders and the mangers may face will be managing cultural diversity in their respected organization. Today’s complex world business or organisation success is depending on how they deal with their employs and customers. They can’t focus on one culture or ethnicity. To deal with it mangers vision should be more global, they have to reach to the different cultures, different age group or different religious backgrounds to add value to the organization .
Intercultural communication transpires when a person from one culture intends to deliver a message to a person from another culture. Contrastingly, intercultural miscommunication happens when the sender's intended message is not successfully delivered to the individual from the second culture. Misperception, misinterpretation, and misevaluation are often one of the main reasons that cause cross-cultural misunderstandings and complications. Therefore, studies and theories on cross-cultural communication provide a base to exploration in the field of intercultural sensitivity. As stated by Lustig & Koester (1999, pg.60.), the phrase intercultural communication can be broken down into two distinctive terms : ‘intercultural’ and ‘communication’.
2.1. The concept of Intercultural Communication Intercultural communication is an impact between different cultures, different linguistic orgins and social groups which helps to establish contact between them and mutual understanding. Term Intercultural Communication is used to describe processes and problems which appear among different cultures, religions, educational backgrounds, ethnic and social. The lack of these contacts may led to the ignorance and unaquaintance of other cultures which is called a cultural shock and it may also lead to the misunderstandings between that cultures. Intercultural communication is often called a cross-culture communication.
However, the expatriates’ adaption is not always successful in a culturally different environment, since they are supposed to adjust to both of the local working environment and the life environment, which are unusually very different and challenging. Chen et al. , (2011) stated that people are increasingly working in a diverse cultural environment where both organizations and individuals are facing the challenges of cultural diversity in a global world. Burke (2010) reported that there is an increasing need for more cross-cultural management research as business is
“…the essence of culture is not what is visible on the surface. It is the shared ways groups of people understand and interpret the world. These differing interpretations that cultures give to their environment are critical influences on interactions between working and managing across cultures.” L. Hoecklin: Managing cultural differences: Strategies for competitive advantage Communicating across cultures is challenging.
We aimed to give answer for the question: What is the influence of cultural diversity on performance of multicultural teams? and What is the influence of team members’ cultural intelligence on performance of multicultural teams? In the following section, the hypotheses and their respective results will be discussed and contributions to the theoretical and empirical analysis are presented if relevant. 7.1 Main findings