Antibiotics are widely used throughout the world for agricultural, industrial, and medical purposes. The primary concern for the use of microbes is its growing resistance to common antibiotics released within the environment. Antibiotic resistant genes (ARG) have been prevalent in aquatic environments such as the public drinking water treatment system, source water, and tap water and multiple researchers have conducted tests to observe the effectiveness of the water treatment plants in the removal
A Political Resolution to Antibiotic Resistance Through the 20th century, antibiotics allowed human beings to flourish. They were critical to infection control and allowed for stronger medical procedures that invariably extended life. From their beginnings with Alexander Fleming’s discovery of the uses of penicillin, antibiotics have been considered “wonder drugs.” With their widespread popularity post-World War II, they became a staple in American industrialized medicine (Podolsky 27). With increased
Antibiotic resistance is precisely what it sounds like: the resistance towards some antibiotics bacteria may develop. This can lead to antibiotics being rendered useless while a person tries to fend off a disease. Over the years, this dilemma has only intensified as numerous bacteria have become resistant to countless antibiotics. Therefore, researchers and scientists alike have endeavored in figuring out not only the main culprit of antibiotic resistance, but also the multiple techniques to minimize
Antibiotics are medicines that have been the front-runners in combatting bacterial diseases for more than 70 years and have contributed to an increase in life expectancy of world populations (CDC, 2012). Antibiotic resistance is the phenomenon caused by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics that leads to bacterial strains eventually becoming irresponsive as a result of modification of pre-existing genes of the persisting resistant bacteria. Infectious bacterial diseases caused by MDR (Multi-drug
Antibiotic Resistance of Bacteria Introduction Until recently, Antibiotics are medicines used to avoid and give bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance happens when bacteria alteration in comeback to the use of these medicines. Bacteria, not humans or animals, become antibiotic-resistant. Bacteria could infect humans and animals, and the infections they purpose are harder to treat than those caused by non-resistant bacteria. Antibiotic resistance leads to greater medical costs, long hospital
INTRODUCTION Antibiotic as is any chemical or drug that can be used to effectively either halt the growth of, destroy toxins from or destroy the entire organism. They are said to be narrow or wide/extended in their range of activity depending on if they act on a limited number of organisms or a vast number of organisms respectively. Antibiotics resistance occurs when a microbe or a group of microbes develop a mechanism to reduce the potency or efficacy of a drug which was once effective as its treatment
The development of resistance to all kinds of antibiotics in the sensitive bacterial pathogens is a major challenge to infectious disease medicine. The astonishing effects of antibiotics and origin of the genes associated with resistance has been a long mystery. There is growing evidence that the genes that make up this environmental resistome have the potential to be transformed to pathogens and indeed there is some evidence that clinically relevant resistance genes have originated in environmental
Antibiotic resistance occurring naturally is obvious. Genes for resistance to antibiotics, like antibiotics themselves, are prehistoric [13]. It is the nature of every living organism to be nature driven resistant with time. In a study, few factors are identified to be responsible for the evolution of antibiotic resistance. Bacterial fitness, infection dynamics, cross-resistance, co-selection, horizontal gene transfer (HGT), epistasis together can predict the AR [14]. Bacterial fitness is defined
Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria reformat themselves in order to become unaffected by the drugs or substances created to terminate them (About Antimicrobial Resistance). They gain resistance to the drugs which causes the drugs to be ineffective of use and leads to more harm. Antibiotic resistance commonly occurs within patients because of physicians misusing or overusing antibiotics. This creates a common resistance to patients and resulting in the constant creation for new antibiotics
article entitled The Guardian View on Antibiotic Resistance: Walk Slowly, Carry a Big Stick, published on 22 May 2016, by the Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies, the author arrived the conclusion that if all parts in societies together take an action on this issue, an incident of antibiotic resistance is then able be overcome. The article describes about the Longitude Prize which provides fund to help the global problems of antibiotic resistance which occurs when bacterial growth
have covered in class that interested me most was on the power of antibiotics, as well as, how bacteria’s resistance to drugs, specifically antibiotics, can evolve quickly. According to what I have learned in class, antibiotics are used to kill bacteria by inhibiting cell-wall biosynthesis, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, and inhibiting bacterial DNA replication. This also brought us to the discussion of the first antibiotic to be manufactured against illness-induced bacteria during World
Introduction 1. Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern for effective health care delivery.(1) Extensive use of antibiotics in healthcare institutes is one of the main causes for emergence of antimicrobial resistance. (2) The misuse of antibiotics has also contributed to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, which has become one of the most serious and growing threats to public health. Unnecessary exposure to antibiotics affects patients’ health seriously; suffering from
antimicrobial stewardship programs set in place to control antibiotic use to decrease the chances of superbugs to emerge? Table of contents Introduction 4 Biological background 5 Alternative views for implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs 6 Alternative views against implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs 6 Conclusion 7 Bibliography 8 Introduction The World Health Organisation has announced antibiotic resistance and the rise of superbugs as a threat to human race
infections because antibiotic resistant bacteria have arisen from the overuse of antibiotics and research on antibiotic alternatives yield promising results. Antibiotics have been used to treat bacterial infections since the first antibiotic, penicillin, was discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming. Although it was not distributed among the general public until 1945, it was widely used in World War II for surgical and wound infections among the Allied Forces. Fleming’s antibiotic discovery was hailed
Drug Administration addresses the issue of antibiotic resistance by creating and implementing new regulations that acknowledge and limits the use of antibiotics on farm animals, such as swine and poultry. Beginning January 1, 2017, the Veterinary Feed Directive took effect per the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The aim of the directive is to restrict the use of antibiotics so that resistance will decrease. The directive targets specific antibiotics that are labeled as medically important in
The evils of antibiotics Every year, we all face our fair share of colds, sore throats, and other infections. But when it's time to see the doctor for these illnesses, don’t you automatically expect a prescription for antibiotics? Well chances are you do and if you don’t well then, spoiler alert, you're getting antibiotics. Many people go to the doctor's office with this expectation and they're surprised and even angry if they leave empty-handed. After all, who doesn’t want to get well as quickly
Increasing incidences of antibiotic resistance among pathogens has created a demand to explore alternative treatment approaches. One such approach involves evaluating plant derived compounds for their activity against drug resistant pathogens. This study aims at examining the effect of green tea leaf extracts (GTE) on Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) producing gram negative uropathogens. An ethanolic extract of GTE was prepared using soxhlet apparatus and its effect was studied on seven gram negative MBL
Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) is a bacteria resistant to all antibiotics containing penicillin. MRSA otherwise known as a superbug has been produced through the process of natural selection inside hospitals, which provide the perfect environment for this bacteria to thrive in. Bacteria like MRSA are hard to treat as there are fewer antibiotics to treat it therefore increasing its deadliness. The antimicrobial resistance in MRSA is genetically based, meaning that it can spread its immunity
Multi Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a strand of Staphylococcus aureus that has become resistant to many commonly used antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus is an infectious disease that is mostly harmless. However, upon entering the body, it can cause various types of infections in almost any part or organ system within the body. These infections include skin infections, invasive infections, and in rare cases it may cause illness. The Pathogen: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive coccal
Antibiotic medications have saved many people’s lives. Unfortunately antibiotics are no longer as effective in stopping pathogenic bacteria infection. Currently there is an antibiotic resistance crisis since may bacteria have become or are becoming resistant to all of the antibiotics developed. Instead of researching new antibiotics, which will continue to promote antibiotic resistance, antibiotic stewardship should be promoted specifically dealing with preventing infections, monitoring antibiotic