Diethyl ether Essays

In this experiment, the combined reactions are as follows. To start the experiment, the Grignard reagent, phenylmagnesium bromide, was formed by reacting bromobenzene with magnesium while using anhydrous diethyl ether as the solvent. Using anhydrous ether is crucial because if any water is present, the Grignard reagent will react with the water instead, which will ultimately terminate the reaction. Once formed, the Grignard reagent reacted with the benzophenone to form triphenyl

In step one, 0.05 grams of benzoic acid and dimethoxybenzene were weighed to give a mixture of approximately 0.1 grams. Then in step two, 4.5 milliliters of ether was obtained and chilled in an ice bath for three minutes. The ether was then added to the centrifuge using a pipette. In step four, it was observed that using a wooden stick helped dissolve the simple quicker. Once fully dissolved, one milliliter of 0.5 M sodium hydroxide was added in step four and it was observed that there were two layers

product. As mentioned earlier, the reaction of the alkyl halide, bomobenzene, and magnesium metal turnings leads to the production of the Grignard reagent. This was observed as there was bubbling as soon as the metal was added to the bromobenzene and ether solution. The chemical structure of this reagent has the magnesium metal imbedded between the phenol ring and the bromide ion of the alkyl halide. This results in a dipole moment along the bond between the carbon and the magnesium atom, and makes the

formation of triphenylmethanol is broken down in several steps. Magnesium is added to a capped and dried flask with a crystal of iodine, ether and a drop of 1,2-dibromoethane. The iodine was essential to activate the magnesium. Ether was used as the solvent because there are no acidic hydrogen’s on ether that can potentially react with the Grignard reagent and also because ether has two lone pairs on the oxygen that can help to stabilize the magnesium

The introduction of the Grignard reaction that was done by the famous chemist Victor Grignard was an important boosting factor in the synthesis of the organometallic compounds. Grignard reaction aids the chemists today when they need to make other compounds such as the alcohol (Crabtree pg 253). The reagents used during the Grignard reactions are called the Grignard reagents or generally as the organomagnesium halide. For the effective Grignard reaction to take place, an addition to a ketone or the

CONCLUSION When you put an egg in vinegar, we see that the shell dissolves, but do you ever wonder why? An egg is made mostly out of calcium carbonate which reacts with an ingredient in vinegar, acetic acid. Acetic acid is about 4% of the vinegar and what breaks apart the solid calcium carbonate crystals. The bubbles we see, from the egg, is the carbonate that make carbon dioxide and the other calcium ions float free. This is the equation: CaCO3 (s) + 2 HC2H3O2 (aq) → Ca(C2H3O2)2 (aq) + H2O

Experiment #7: Column Chromatography of Food Dye Arianne Jan D. Tuozo Mr. Carlos Edward B. Santos October 12, 2015 Abstract Column chromatography is the separation of mixture’s components through a column. Before proceeding with the column chromatography itself, a proper solvent system must be chosen among the different solvents. The green colored food dye is the mixture whose components are separated. The ammonia: 1-butanol (1:1) solvent was the appropriate solvent to use for the column chromatography

periodically removed to alleviate pressure. The test tube was then left on the test tube rack to allow the solvents to separate. It had separated with the ether phase on top and acetone phase on the bottom. To see what light was being reflected, the tube was taken to the projector and it was recorded that the light reflected was red. The ether phase was used to paint with a brush approx. one inch above the bottom of a six inch chromatography paper. This step was repeated time

Compound from Acid and Base Impurities Discussion: The diethyl ether solvent is nonpolar; therefore, based on the expression like dissolves like, other nonpolar molecules will dissolve in it. The 9-fluorenone is a nonpolar molecule; therefore, it will dissolve in the nonpolar diethyl ether. The benzoic acid has a polar carboxyl group; however, the ring is nonpolar. The nonpolar ring in the benzoic acid is what makes it soluble in the diethyl ether. The ethyl-4-aminobenzoate is similar to benzoic acid

whether the compounds were miscible or immiscible. Diethyl ether and methylene chloride, diethyl ether and ethyl alcohol, water and ethyl alcohol, heptane and methyl chloride, and heptane and diethyl ether were all were found to be miscible each of these paired compounds showed a homogenous mixture with no chunks or particles left over when combined. On the other hand, water and heptane, water and methylene chloride, and water and diethyl ether were all immiscible, when mixed together it was observed

The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize a Grignard reagent with 1-bromobutane and homogenized magnesium in anhydrous diethyl ether. This solution was refluxed in a flask connected to condenser and drying tube. As seen in the mechanism, maintaining a dry condition is important to avoid the Grignard reagent from attacking water, which will result in loss of the bromine. It is important to reduce the amount of moisture and water vapors to avoid destroying the Grignard reagent, which is essential

solvent and reacting in air that is not humid/full of moisture. Two side reactions that are problematic but are not usually a concern are the Grignard with either O2 or CO2. These are negligible side reactions because the O2/CO2 present in the diethyl ether solvent is very small. Another problematic side reaction that cannot be avoided but can be minimized is the coupling reaction of the Grignard with the halide which forms a symmetrical hydrocarbon. This coupling reaction is minimized by keeping

When the sodium ethoxide was added, the solution looked oily indicating the ethoxide dissolving in the ethanol. When the diethyl malonate was added, the solution turned a cloudy white indicating the creation of the enolate. The visible solid in the solution indicated that it was saturated with NaCl due to not being able to dissolve and hold anymore NaCl. The Congo Red paper

g) was weighted on a paper, and a few pieces of magnesium were crushed in order to activate the metal surface. Then, the round bottom flask was lowered away from the condenser, and the magnesium was added to it. After that, 10 ml of anhydrous diethyl ether was added in a round bottom flask by using the syringe, and the reaction flask was heated using a heating mantle to maximize the formation of the Grignard reagent. After 10 minutes of heating the mixture, the mixture changed color from clear to

under reflux conditions and no color change was recorded. Once the solution was cooled, 15 mL of diethyl ether was added and the new supernatant liquid was then filtered through a pad of celite in the buchner funnel. Final liquid product is concentrated in vacuo to produce a thick, black liquid. Further purification of the black liquid was done via flash chromatography in a 95% petroleum ether/5% diethyl ether solvent system (Rf value of 0.26) to produce the final product (3a). The product was concentrated

convert Phenols to ions. This makes them soluble in the aqueous layer as ions are soluble in water. However, addition of HCl to the aqueous ionic solutions regenerates non-ionic substances which are only soluble in the organic layer. Materials • 2M diethyl ether • Saturated NaCl solution • Saturated aqueous solution of Sodium bicarbonate • Distilled water

Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol Using the Grignard Reaction and Acid Workup Amanda Sokol Partner: Jack Platacz TA: Edgar Reyes Cruz Lab: Tuesday, 1:40 - 4:30 PM PSH 334 March 17, 2023 Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize pure triphenylmethanol by preparing and performing the Grignard reaction followed by an acid workup step. The two-week process combined various techniques used in lab this semester thus far with some new techniques; the first week involved making the Grignard

separated into an organic layer and an aqueous layer by means of a separatory funnel. The separation process was aided by a diethyl ether solvent the usage of which saw the aqueous layer to be the bottom layer of the refluxed

experimental readings were compared to known readings of methyl benzoate. Furthermore, a percent yield of the product was calculated. In Fischer esterification, a carboxylic acid is converted to an ester by replacing the carboxyl alcohol group (-OH) with an ether (-OR). The acid catalyst protonates the carbonyl oxygen, making the carbonyl carbon more electrophilic. This promotes the attack of the alcohol nucleophile. Fischer esterification is an equilibrium reaction because the water product

Experiment 2: Preparation and Spectrophotometric Analysis of Copper(I) Iodide Abstract: This experiment aims to determine the concentration of “Purified CuI” sample. Crude CuI is obtained by reacting CuSO4.5H2O with KI and Na2S2O3 in de-ionized water. A series of decanting and centrifugation is carried out to extract the crude CuI. Crude CuI was later purified by dissolving it in hot KI solution. The solution was later transferred into de-ionized water and placed in an ice bath to allow for re-precipitation