Smith (1976) was one of the first people who defined the term “International Language”. According to him: “International Language is one which is used by people of different nations to communicate with each other”
He made certain assertions that show the relation between culture and international language. His assumptions are:
• It’s not necessary for a learner of an international language to adopt the cultural norms as well.
• The ownership of the worldwide dialect gets to be denationalized.
• The instructive objective of taking in a global dialect is to empower learners to convey their thoughts and culture to others.
These presumptions by Smith are additionally substantial for the utilization of English as an international language. EIL
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There are distinctive dialects in this world like Spanish, Arabic, English, Mandarin and Hindi that are utilized broadly by the local speakers. But, when a dialect is utilized by extensive number of individuals of various nations having distinctive local dialect then it picks up the status of worldwide language. English in this sense has picked up the status of worldwide dialect as it is the dialect of more extensive correspondence both among people from various nations and between people from one nation. Along these lines, English is a worldwide dialect in both a global and a local sense.
Crystal (1997) maintains that a dialect accomplishes worldwide status when it builds up an "extraordinary part that is perceived in each nation" and that this unique status can be accomplished either by making it an official dialect of the nation or by a nation giving exceptional need to English by acquiring it as an international language.
Further, McArthur (1998) derived the attention of people towards the native and the nativised varieties and the ways that how are they distinguished from one another. The British, American and Australian English are said to be the native varieties as they are used by the large number of people of those countries. Nativised varieties are more up to date that have been created in places where English was not initially used and which have been influenced by nearby dialects and
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In this way English spread throughout the world. English that was once the language of only native speakers has now gained the status of an international language. It is considered as the lingua franca. It is not only used for communicative purpose between native and non-native speakers instead it is used by non-native speakers for some meaningful interactions. Graddol found out in one of his research that almost two billion people in today’s world are having the knowledge of English. In fact, the non-native speakers of English have outnumbered the native speakers of English. So, according to this research other linguists; Kachru and Widdowson claimed that English had become a de-nationalized
The English language has been around for a number of years, but now it is taking the world by storm. In Dennis Baron 's article titled "Who Owns Global English," he discusses how English has taken root in different countries to the dismay of their Governments. English has taken a new meaning in some countries that native speakers would call improper English. " Yes, we want" (Baron, 35) is the new battle cry of Madrid 's campaign on English. This may be bad English, but Baron is considering the possibility of it becoming a new form of English.
In Dennis Baron’s article, “Who Owns Global English?”, the author addresses the way English is being adapted around the world as well as why some countries wish to put a stop to it. This is centrally focused around a campaign for Spanish-English schools in Madrid hosting the slogan “yes, we want.” All languages change as the number of speakers grows; the English language is no different. Baron provides several examples of this growth from “Engrish” to slogans such as the one used in Madrid (36). Most notably however the author talks about the different kinds of English already in existence.
Language, culture and communication are intertwined and necessary in
In the writing, Jake Jamieson introduced and explained an argument about English using for immigrants. In first paragraph, the author introduced that the melting pot system is not working truly. Many people think the U.S. is famous for melting pot because of many immigrants. These people view the melting pot as a pot which contains many melted cultures and living styles inside. But he argues that these people lose their culture by adapting to new culture and only thing left is discrimination.
This includes the concept of lingua franca, diffusion, and non-material culture. The article references how globalization has a long term effect on the French language in Canada. Globalization is defined as the “shrinking” of the world in terms of communication and interaction, this plays a role in the diffusion of the lingua franca of English. Since English is the lingua franca of the world, the language the used around the world to do business and well as communicate with each other, many people will be learning English for better communication with other parts of the world. This article could also relate to the concept of non-material culture.
As of today, the English language is considered, and widely accepted as the international language, so knowing how to use this language is on indispensable ability. Culture has shaped our world as we are living in a globalised world, and culture often influences language. When there are thousands of different cultures in one country the language is bound to be impacted. For example, some words from some ethnic groups have made their way into mainstem English usage, for example the words “Yallah and Habibi” words which were once used as slang are now found in the English
Most of the world now requires individuals to speak English. The language is so common that most continents’ institutions are putting English into their curriculums. However, some places have put English as their second language. These countries are falling behind as the world is advancing. Eventually, they will lose contact with the rest of the English speaking world.
The differences between the written and spoken seem to obvious but when looked at closely there are many differences in the structure, amongst these include the way grammar, and vocabulary are used and how they vary between context (Crystal, 2005). Throughout this report the context focus is the written and spoken differences in the home, In an Early Childhood classroom, teenagers on social media as well as Speaking and Writing Aboriginal English in the home community and at school. Speaking and writing Standard Australian English at home Spoken Standard Australian English: The home environment is a place to relax, where the rules of social interactions and communications are not as stringent.
On the one hand, some do not recognize AAVE’s existence but tend to describe it most of all as a colorful slang or an English dialect. On the other hand instead, some believe that AAVE is a separate language from Standard English. Beyond this opposition, many linguists and scholars wonder themselves whether AAVE is to be considered as a creole or as a variety of a language separate from the North American varieties of English. (Mufwene, 2001:
Etymology of Grain One may use a great variety of words on a daily basis, however it is rarely considered what language the words originated from, when they came into existence or why it is chosen to use the words that is used. Grain is a commonly used word in the English language. It is a seed that is often used in edible foods. The English meaning of grain is seed, corn or small particle.
Language’s Disconnection Between Cultures and Individuals Language can be defined as the recipe for human communication through verbal, and nonverbal techniques. Our use of language emerges from interactions between one another, giving uniqueness to the multitude of cultures that exist. Generations are detached from each other as the result of not only cultural differences, but through dialects, idioms, and slang. Simultaneously, language can be simple and complex, giving us a vast understanding of what separates us as cultures and individuals. The language we use creates a barrier between separate cultures and exposes our personal identity as demonstrated through Mother Tongue, Slang in America and The F Word.
Sign language linguistics has not been a field in its own since 1960s, when the investigation researches started from a linguistic perspective about sign languages. Sign language was considered as a gesture-based aid only for communicating with people, not a whole language. While the early researches were focusing on explaining the fact that sign languages are not only simple languages, but an equivalent to spoken languages and having the same characteristics as the spoken. The researchers investigated the phonological structure of sign language (specifically American Sign Language) by using traditional linguistic tools. In earliest decades, researchers analyzed deeply in order to figure out the phonological and grammatical structure also of
Learning a second language at a younger age is beneficial Most little kids first day of school is when they are approximately five years old, and about to enter kindergarten. Kids go to school from about age five till graduation from high school at about age eighteen. Most schools focus on the basic core subjects, such as math, reading, science and history. Until junior high or high school, foreign language is not even offered.
Finally, for mainly historical reasons, certain English dialects or varieties have been viewed more positively than others. Thus, Standard English, because of its association with being the national English language, has been perceived as the most prestigious of English varieties. However, the fact that some dialects and accents are seen to be more prestigious than others is more a reflection of judgements based on social, rather than linguistic, criteria. As society changes, so too do attitudes towards dialect, accent and variational use of English generally.
English as a global language We can’t deny that English has become an international language for communication between all mankind , it is the common language between most of the countries , English is a global language which is spoken as a native language and a second language in most of the countries , and we noticed that people who use English as a second language are way more than people who speak it as a native language , it is taught in every country in this world , it is using as a medium language of understanding between the teacher and the learner , you can see it in banks , supermarkets , in road signs and in international web pages, it is the language that you see and hear every day, so speaking English become a must , also we can’t ignore the fact that English is the language of global communication at medical , tourism , trade and other elements of language use , So English is so important in our various lives aspects. So in this essay I am going to discuss the reasons of how English become a global language and is it a good or bad thing? and what is the advantages and did advantages of spreading of English? There is a lot of reasons that helped to make English a global language and one of the most important reasons is policy , the west colonization for the countries had helped English to spread and distribute by imposing the language and the west culture on the colony countries , so we can say it is all because of the strength that the west had on the world