Literature Review On Horizontal Violence

Great post! Lateral Violence/bullying is a very good concern and topic of discussion. I’m glad that your group have chosen this topic because it truly does need change. It makes it a very sensitive topic to discuss in the workplace because of fear of losing your job, causing conflict or the repercussions that may come for speaking out. Some nurses will leave while others may stick around and accept the behavior. Whether another nurse or higher medical provider it isn’t right and is a major concern in healthcare. ANA recognizes that incivility, bullying, and violence in the workplace are serious issues in nursing. Currently, there is no federal standard that requires workplace violence protections, but several states have enacted legislation

Internationally, various studies and reports have raised concern regarding hostile behaviors in the nursing workplace. Incivility in nursing is defined as rude or disruptive behaviors which often result in physiological or psychological distress for people involved and if left unaddressed, may progress into a threatening situation (Broome 2011). Although aggression and violence from patients and visitors are cause for concerns, nurses reported hostility among colleagues, managers and other professionals have been the most concern and an impact to nurses’ society. Incivility defines as “a rude or unsociable speech or behavior (Merriam 2010). The types of behaviors that constitute between nurses can be due to stress, heavy workload, bullying, harassment and aggressions. Incivility and bullying in nursing are complex problems that have garnered much attention in recent years (Felbinger 2008). Emerging evidence suggests that incivility in the workplace has significant implications from nurses, patients, and health care organizations causing a high turnover rate.

Imagine being a newly graduated nurse and landing a job on your dream unit. There is this one nurse who likes to taunts the new nurses. You began to realize that she does things to make you uneasy and you began to feel like the target of workplace bullying. Horizontal Violence has become a newly coined termed to further define the concept of bullying in the workplace. According to Becher and Visovsky (2012), Horizontal Violence is described as “an act of hostility that creates an undesirable work environment that weakens teamwork in the clinical setting”. Managing bullying is the regular assessment of exposures of violence in healthcare facilities. As a junior nursing student I gravitated toward this topic because I will be graduating soon

Healthcare workers suffer the most when it comes to workplace violence. Violence in the workplace can have major effects on the victim such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorders. It can also lead to many emotional behaviors such as feeling sad, angry, disgust or fear felt by the victim. These emotions can have an influence on work functioning. Violence in the healthcare work is a major issue and is constantly growing than any other work field. “Healthcare workers are 16 times more at risk of experiencing violence from patients or clients than other service workers” (Lanctôt, N., & Guay, S. 2014). The most common abuse seen in the healthcare work is verbal abuse ranging from 22 to 90%, and the least being physical assault ranging

Conflicts within the nursing profession may be seen among the different age generations, with senior nurses holding different values than new graduates. For example, there are many cases where horizontal violence and bullying occurs between senior nurses and new nurses. However, in most cases, nurse bullying results from ineffective communication (Sauer, 2012). Interprofessional conflict may occur due to the medical hierarchy and existing profession stereotypes. According to Whitehead (2007), a barrier to physician collaboration is the vision of a ‘flattened hierarchy’ where a physician’s traditional power, decision-making responsibility, and status is reduced. Although these traditional beliefs may still be held among not only physicians but also the public, IPE and IPC allow for the potential of “better communication and development of relationships between health care professions that can be valuable even within a hierarchical system” (Whitehead, 2007, p.

Workplace incivility affects our everyday interactions, professional nursing relationships and our organizations. It is important to be aware of incivility to address it. Incivility in the workplace doesn’t have to be a major event, but it may be little things daily that can make a huge impact. This affects the employee which impacts productivity and patient care. Employee turnover rates, job dissatisfaction, and poor workplace environments can be attributed to incivility. Employees may feel as though they are unable to report incivility due to retribution or loss of employment. It is time for people that need help to be courageous and speak up. Incivility in the work environment needs to stop.

Violence can be experienced by many different people in different situations in health care. In the healthcare world, nurses are one of the most exposed groups to workplace violence in the world. Circumstances that lead patients to the hospital can be very stressful which can lead to anxiety, agitation, depression. Through using the theoretical framework developed by Ida Jean Orlando, workplace violence can be viewed and applied to address or even prevent violence experienced by nurses possibly.

Violence against healthcare providers is a significant problem that has been receiving growing attention. Incidents of workplace violence are experienced by nurses and physicians on a day-to-day basis, especially in emergency departments. The corollary of this phenomenon has become a significant matter due to the psychological stress it is placing on healthcare providers, hence affecting their efficiency and productivity. We may often undermine the consequences of workplace violence, but studies show that it may cause distress, apathy, rage, disappointment, helplessness, anxiety, self-doubt, and insecurity of healthcare workers. (Öztunç 360-365)Hence, their entire job performance is decreased and absenteeism is increased. This results in

Organizational readiness for improvement or change in health care settings is vital for the successful implementation of new programs and health care practices (Hall & Roussell, 2014). After detailed conversations with the unit manager and registered nurses, it is clear there is a need for interventions targeted toward patient-to-patient assaults, as safety is a top priority for the patients in the unit. In addition, staff members state that there has been an increase in the number of patient-to-patient assaults in the inpatient psychiatric unit (2–3 incidents per month), and this poses a threat to staff and patient safety. In Hall and Roussel (2014), states that healthcare facilities must be viewed as a high-risk environment and available financial and human resources must be available to address safety issues and concerns (Wieczorek, Marent, Osrecki, Dorner, & Dür, 2015). The unit manager volunteered to provide assistance for the implementation of the program and worked with the doctoral student on scheduling a presentation of education/teaching interventions for staff members. Lastly, the unit manager provided a large conference room within the unit to use for teaching the registered

The nursing profession is no stranger to workplace violence. Violent displays of behavior can come down from those that hole managerial positions to subordinate staff through a top down hierarchy in a vertical manner. This can occur through such actions as with holding raises or promotions, unequal distribution of resources, unfair staffing assignments, among others. There is also nurse to nurse violence through interactions with peers of the same staff position. The display of lateral violence in nursing is an issue that is hurting the profession as a whole.

In order to prevent such criminal acts from happening in the hospital setting, there are many actions that hospitals should take to reduce the risk of violence. When hiring hospital staff, there should be investigation of each applicant’s background. This is done by administering criminal background checks as well as drug tests. Employers should also do reference checks to see if previous supervisors and coworkers would recommend the applicant for the position. They can also provide feedback about their personal work experiences with the applicant as well as the applicant’s work

To develop competent skills in confidently managing aggression in patients with dementia and implement de-escalation or talk down techniques effectively, it is imperative to observe senior nursing staff as they deal with aggressive patients. Managing aggression in patients with Behavioural psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) can be very complex processes that require extensive experience to effectively and safely implement appropriate nursing interventions. Martin & Daffern (2006) state that mental health clinicians require confidence in their ability to work with aggressive patients, allowing the provision of therapeutic care while ensuring protection for themselves and other patients from psychological

Hermann, M. (2014, April 29). I am a Nurse – National Nurses Week. [video file].

“While working at a hospital as a Registered nurse, I was being bullied every day at work I became withdrawn, severely depressed, I would break down and cry every day after work. It was a nightmare,” explained Nurse Jackie. Horizontal bullying should not be neglected it is a life-threatening problem affecting the healthcare. Nurse to nurse bullying in the workplace can have an impact on new nurses, the treatment of the patients, and lack of job satisfaction.

This study is postulated on the theories, concepts and principles regarding on Workplace Bullying and its impact on employees productivity and performance. According to Einarsen’s conceptual framework Model (see Figure 1) of the nature and cause of workplace bullying (Einarsen 2003; as cited in Einarsen, 2005), three elements can describe the causes of workplace bullying: individual, social and organizational. Hoel and Stalin (2003; as cited in Lewis, 2004) suggested that there are four antecedents to organizational causes of workplace bullying, namely: the changing nature of work, how work is organized, the organizational culture, and leadership. The changing nature of work can be attributed to globalization, mergers and the current economic recession, among others (McCarthy, 2003). ‘How work is organized’ and the ‘leadership style’ of the organization can produce role conflict and poor work control (Einarsen, Raknes and Matthiesen, 1994; as cited in Jennifer, 2000). Thus, it is up to the culture of the organization to set a precedent for unambiguous work flow, higher production, and zero tolerance for workplace bullying.