Social Support Literature Review

& DuBois, B mentioned, “the concepts focuses on how people and their environments fit clearly, rather than forcing workers to place blame on either one for problems that arise”. It is resonated and also kind of similar the basic value in social work, such as acceptance and objectivity in the social work code of

In this view, individuals are measured as factors who are contained in their own progression and, by means of their actions, they are able to make things happens. According to agency view, among other individual elements, people have self-beliefs through which they apply some control over their ideas, emotions, and activities. Therefore, people are both products and producers of their own surrounding and social system (Pajares, 2002) Upon of all the concepts that impact people’s presentation and performing, and locate at the center of social cognitive theory, are self-efficacy beliefs (Pajares, 2002). The foundation of human motivation, well-being and individual attainment is supplied by self-efficacy. If people believe that their attempt can create the requested results, they have enough stimuli to take action or insist in the face of adversities (Pajares, 2002).

To understand social obedience, we first must look into the concept of conformity. “Conformity is the change of actions or attitudes caused by the pressure from some real or notional groups” (Song, Ma, Wu, & Li, 2012, p. 1365). In most instances of conformity, it comes from rational refection, but there’s always a possibility for irrational conformity. Rational conformity is when a person’s behavior is guided by reasonable thinking or judgment. “It occurs as a result of the influences exerted by the object’s behavior or attitude and includes abidance, compliance, and obedience” (Song, Ma, Wu, & Li, 2012, p. 1366).

It helps to explain one’s behaviour. It is defined as a tendency which characterizes an individual’s perspective about his self-independence and control by others (Corsini, 1999). It refers to the individuals’ perception regarding the underlying causes of different events that take place in their lives and also the ability to control over what happens to them. It is defined as a personality trait. Locus of Control is a personality dimension which helps to explain an individual’s trait and behaviours and refers to his/her very general, cross-situational belief about what determines the reinforcement in life (Haggbloom, Warnick, and Warnick,

The humanistic foundation of person-centered therapy emphasizes dimensions in such as self-awareness, freedom, autonomy, self-acceptance, inner-directedness, and self-actualization. In collective cultures, clients are likely to be highly influenced by societal expectations and not simply motivated by their own personal preferences. (Corey, 2013, p. 195). In conclusion, I am more knowledgeable in the theories of existentialism and humanism through the eyes of Rogers and Frankl. All this information is a must to make wise decision for the path one will take to become a therapist.

11 Humans seem to make the same immediate connection between the tone of voice and other vocal expressions and inner feeling. Recognitions that are both accurate and tolerable are central features of empathy. 12 Empathy necessarily has a "more or less" quality. The paradigm case of an empathic interaction, however, involves a person communicating an accurate recognition of the significance of another person's ongoing intentional actions, associated emotional states, and personal characteristics in a manner that the recognized person can tolerate. Empathy is a selfless act that enables us to learn more about people and relationships with people - it is a desirable skill beneficial to ourselves, others and society.

I understand that this value is how social worker’s work to help people out with whatever problem they have with no judgement. It’s also when you show that you are caring towards the person that you’re with. I would want to let the person know that they can trust me as their social worker. According to Dybicz, P. (2012) article, it explains how the importance of human relationships in the social work profession the social worker has to think about the relationship between them and their clients. There are boundaries that need to be between both the clients and social worker.

Zaccaro, he says that “leader traits can be defined as relatively coherent and integrated patterns of personal characteristics, reflecting a range of individual differences, that foster consistent leadership effectiveness across a variety of group and organizational situations. I believe that a con of this theory is that the theory only focuses on the traits when it should also consider how the traits are implemented and work together to influence performance. Another con is that it should also include internal and external factors that shape a person such as values and social skills…”(Monique Padilla,

Not only must those involved in the organization adequately communicate, but informational feedback from the target audience must also occur. Therefore, the theoretical model of strategic communication that best supports the integration of marketing and communications is that of the interactive model. The interactive model conceptualizes communication as the creation and exchange of meaning between individuals who participate in the communication activity (Hallahan et al, 20). Unlike the Shannon and Weaver model, which views communication as a one-way emission of information that primarily focused on the sender, the interactive approach highlights the importance to the communication from both senders and receivers in the communication event (Hallahan et al, 20). This model allows a level of interaction that is unachievable with the transmission model of communication.

achieves the set goals, the system is maintained. Yet conforming to Luhmann 's theorem on double contingency, whether the system is established depends priorly on the reactions of the participants, and the "self-interest" after ward. Rather than caring about oneself 's welfare, Luhmann shows his positive attitude toward this matter, that one should consider the colleague 's response and act correspondingly during their communication. The next question arises around the solution for the problem of double contingency. As mentioned above, when the social system emerges, the communication and double contingency continues and reproduces, and the mechanism allows it is called "self-referential".