The Oka Crisis

The War of 1812 was a military conflict between Great Britan and the United States. It lasted roughly two and a half years, and was not an utter bloodbath, nor did it affect anything economically or territorial. Despite there not being a true victor of The War of 1812, the Americans proved to European nations that America was it’s own striving nation, and able to sustain foreign attack. Besides the two large nations, the only losers were the Native Americans residing east of the Mississipi River such as the Shawnee, Potawatomi, and Ojibwa Tribes. In the pivotal years of America’s development, all that the Americans wanted was to expand west, this led to Native American repulsion towards the white settlers.

Institutional and historical analysis often portray the motives of governments, especially in the cases of Quebec separatism and Aboriginal mistreatment. History describes attempts at compromise to rectify the problems by altering political institutions to provide more autonomy to the provinces, witness in various accords and the methods described previously. However, in regards to Aboriginals a historical relationship of exploitation and eradication sheds on the systemic issues that Aboriginals cope with and the institutions that caused them. As scholars of Canadian politics, it is important to consider historical and institutional analyses when looking at any issue, as it reveals the underlying motives of actors in regards to the cleavages that comprise a state. This is especially evident in Trudeau’s account of how over-zealous nationalism prevented Quebec from modernizing prior to WWII, setting it behind the rest of the

Nearly 250 year after the Revolutionary War, there was a mistaken idea that the war was fought only between the British and the 13 British colonies. However, the Native American Indians played a major role in the Revolutionary War.

The Canadian government also inappropriately dealt with Aboriginal social justice issues, as seen through the land claims like the Oka Crisis and the Ipperwash. The Oka Crisis was a 78-day standoff, beginning on July 11th, 1990 between Mohawk protesters, police, and army. The crisis began when the proposed expansion of an 18 hole golf course and development of 60 luxury condominiums on disputed land included a Mohawk burial ground. The Mohawks were infuriated, as the Euro-Canadians proposed the use of land that belonged to them was to be used for a luxury of their own, leading them to erect a barricade to Oka. The Police wouldn’t tolerate the actions of the Mohawks, and intervened 3 months later, attempting to cease the barricade. This led

Today, Canada is seen as a multicultural and peaceful nation that has evolved over the course of history. This great nation would never have been possible without the impact that former Prime Minister, Lester B. Pearson left on this country. His achievements and insights profoundly affected and shaped Canada’s nation. First, peacekeeping is an important part of Canada’s heritage and a reflection of its fundamental beliefs that Pearson implemented after dealing with world changing situations and winning a Nobel Prize. Also, his contributions as a liberal leader as well as the flaws and controversy with Diefenbaker did in fact define this country. Lastly, Pearson created the Canadian identity by unveiling the new flag, bringing equality with

Canadian individual identity is questioned often because it is so diverse and means something different to each person in Canada. Although there is not a set identity there are many values and beliefs that are owned by all Canadians. To find out what Canadians identity is, one has to take into account what has affected it. The United States is the biggest influence on Canadian identity. The U.S. culture is very similar to Canadians as we are exposed to it all the time in media sources. The events in American history have also affected Canada from a political perspective, which lead to the Democracy that is present today. Another way the U.S. has affected Canada is from a military perspective because Americans are quick to jump to war and Canada has had to help control them which lead to them being peacekeepers. The United States helped mold the Canadian identity by being both a threat and support to the nation; this will continue into the 21st century but Canada will keep it’s unique identity.

Although many soldiers held their head high in victory and praise just a year later, in present day Canada, our nation has started to feel the grief and dark path

In the year of 1607, three ships sailed to a newly discovered land with over one hundred British colonists, but they had no idea what was in store(B.E.). Within a year of their journey, half the men died, but why? The three primary reasons why the early colonists in Jamestown died was due to environmental problems, war and continuous droughts.

The impact of WW2 played a major role in helping Canada become a more strong, united nation, with equality, respect, and human rights. To begin with, before WWII there was lots of discrimination shown towards minority groups and many other cultures in Canada and because of this Canada created some inhumane mistakes. Canada allowed internment, allowed residential schools, and violation of human rights. When the Holocaust started it was like an eye opener for Canadians because they started to experience what the Holocaust underwent. This made Canadians realize that what they had done was wrong. As stated by Margaret Hoogeveen and Sarah Murdoch in the book Creating Canada “During WW2 Canadians experienced the worst violence that war can

The name “Sioux” is short for “Nadouessioux”, meaning “little snakes”, given to them by their spiteful long time rival the Ojibwa tribe. The Sioux community was divided into a organized nation of seven different, smaller tribes; later becoming known as: Oceti Sakowin, which translates into “Seven Council Fire” in the Sioux indigenous language. To keep their history alive, the Sioux practiced oral tradition in sharing their past, through the Siouan language and occasionally, they communicated through sign language. They were a dominant tribe in Minnesota that later migrated continuously through the northern Great Plains region following buffalo patterns. The Sioux depended on bison for most of their food source, clothing, and shelter. They

1989, Oka mayor, Jean Ouellette approved the expansion of the golf course on the lands of the Mohawks (Conflict over)

The French and Indian War altered the relations of the American Colonies and Britain through political, economic, and geographical issues.

Power relations could be anything that sets two things apart, whether that is the ability to accomplish something or act in a specific manner. This is what gives a certain group of individuals the power to interact or control other groups. This concept can be visualized by the relationship pertaining to that of White Settlers and Native Americans during the late 1700s and through to the late 1800s. Cultural influence in regards to the white settlers can bring many gains and opportunities stemming from the political rivalries, the interaction between beliefs, and how individuals viewed one another in general. The culture of the Natives was ultimately altered due to the arrival of these pioneers because of the gradual integration of white values and practices into their society.

Food and water had been denied to the Mohawk people of Oka during this time of protest which is against the charter of rights and freedoms which is in place to keep all Canadian citizens safe. The Army was puncturing the bags of food and the bottles of liquid, before handing them out to the warriors. The Government of Canada

Personally I have plenty of thoughts and opinions regarding what happened in July 11th, 1990 in the village of Oka, Quebec regarding Oka Crisis. The people of Oka, also known as Mohawks, were confronted with a plan to extend a golf course onto their native land. This specific piece of land was very sacred to the Mohawks as it has been burial grounds for their families. The people of Oka then made a barricade in attempts to protect these grounds. On July 11th the police intervened and attempted to destroy this barricade meanwhile, shots were fired, people were injured and the whole place was a mess. On that specific day, Marcel Lemay, an agent with the Sûreté du Québec (provincial police force), took his last breaths for he had been shot and