Elements Of Motivation

Motivation is the "Set of forces that initiates, directs, and makes people persist in their efforts to accomplish a goal." The three main elements that determine an individuals' motivation are initiation, direction, and persistence. "Initiation of effort is concerned with the choices that people make about how much effort to put forth in their jobs." Direction of effort is how employees determine where their effort is located within accomplishing their job. Lastly, persistence of effort is associate with how long individuals put effort into their job before diminishing their motivation. (Williams, 2018, pg. 275). Other elements of motivation, not stated in the book include pay, benefits, a purpose, expectations, competence, feedback, support

Feedback can be given a variety of different ways, and the more efficient ways depends on the individual and situation. Continuous reinforcement is "A schedule that requires a consequence to be administered following every instance of a behavior" (Williams, 2018, pg. 290). A good example of using continuous reinforcement would be employees that get paid for every product that they produce. The greater quantity that they produce, the more money they acquire. Then, there are positive and negative reinforcements. Positive reinforcements strengthen behaviors, whereas negative reinforcements weaken the behavior. There are also two different ways of providing rewards to employees including both intrinsic rewards and extrinsic rewards. Extrinsic reward is a "Reward that is tangible, visible to others, and given to employees contingent on the performance of specific tasks or behaviors. Intrinsic rewards are a natural reward associated with performing a task or activity for its own

The hygiene factors included, pay, company and administrative policies, fringe benefits, physical Working conditions, status, interpersonal relations, and job security. Meanwhile, the motivational factors consist of recognition, sense of growth and promotional opportunities responsibility, and meaningfulness of the work. (MSG Management Study Guide) Overall, even with barriers, there are ways that managers are able to improve job performance. These ways include first meeting employees wants and needs, and then motivating them to achieve satisfaction within their job. Job satisfaction links directly to motivation, and both are needed to have an efficient workplace.

References

Boundless Management-Employee Needs and Motivation. (n.d.). Retrieved March 24, 2018, from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/employee-needs-and-motivation/

Inc. (2018, March 23). The six key elements of employee motivation and performance. Retrieved March 24, 2018, from http://www.hcpro.com/NRS-69090-868/The-six-key-elements-of-employee-motivation-and-performance.html

MSG Management Study Guide. (n.d.). Retrieved March 24, 2018, from