Analytic style tends to pay more attention to the details and procedures. They can establish clear and identifiable formation parts. That is the typical feature of analytical style. In the vocabulary learning, English majors recognize word parts. For example, they are given words, and they must break into parts.
introduction Universal truth - the language does not remain unchanged. It changes, evolves according to definite laws. Changes in language - the internal laws of language development. There are external factors influencing the development of language - the geographical discoveries, war and conquest, migration, changes in the life of the country and society. To understand the current state of the language, its grammatical forms, phonetic structure, vocabulary, every phenomenon of the modern language should be considered as a specific result of a long historical development.
2.6.1. Grammatical Competence Scarcella and Oxford (1992) discussed that grammatical competence is an overall segment that comprises of information of grammar, vocabulary, and sounds of letters and syllables, articulation of words, intonation, and stress. To comprehend sense, EFL learners need enough information of words and sentences: that is, they should make sense of how words are broken into various sounds, and how sentences are stressed in specific manners. In this way, grammatical competence assists speakers to utilize and comprehend English language structures precisely what's more, quickly, which helps their fluency (Richards and Renandya, 2002). 2.6.2.
What is Discourse Analysis? Discourse analysis is basically a common term for a range of approaches to analyze written, vocal, or sign language use or any significant semiotic event. Discourse analysis is usually viewed as language sentence or the clause. It is the look of linguistics that's concerned about how we build up meaning in larger communicative, instead of grammatical units. It studies meaning in text, paragraph and conversation, rather than in single sentence.
), The Blackwell Companion to Phonology. 241-266. Malden, MA & Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Dresher’s chapter on the phoneme explains how the phoneme is used in phonology and how it can be defined as a physical, psychological or fictional concept. This also describes that with the different approaches of the theory of the phoneme, the phoneme can change the way how features in distinctive feature theory are ordered. In addition to this, the chapter also describes the different approaches to how allophones are perceived on phonetic and phonemic theory.
It also includes bound morphemes that are bound roots and derivational affixes. • Function morphemes can be free morphemes that are prepositions, pronouns, determiners, and conjunctions. Additionally, they can be bound morphemes that are inflectional affixes As the study aimed to find out the probable effect of explicit teaching of derivational morpheme on learners’ writing fluency achievement, we are going to focus more on derivations and its types. 2.3.2 Derivation and inflection Derivation can be contrasted with inflection, in that derivation produces a new word (a distinct lexeme), whereas inflection produces grammatical variants of the same word. Generally speaking, inflection applies in more or less regular patterns to all members of a part of speech (for example, nearly every English verb adds -s for the third person singular present tense), while derivation follows less consistent patterns (for example, the nominalizing suffix -ity can be used with the adjectives modern and dense, but not with open or strong).
Though they are connected it will be easier to discuss each one separately to make things more clear about what each tells about teaching writing. 2.8 Writing process Wherever the English is taught, the teacher must be aware about the fact that the student must be able to express themselves in English and for that teacher must motivate them and make them think about themselves. In language learning, expressing our ideas is most important and being able to express that ideas in written form is crucial as this will lead to the most aspects of language from choice of words, sentence making, expressing and many more which finally lead to composition. They learn to express clearly when they express themselves in written form. The word ‘composition’ is derived from the word ‘compose’.
The linguists felt the need of purifying English language because of the intrusion of foreign language words. They assumed their role the role of an authority to perfect the language by giving logical rules. ‘By seventeenth century Grammarian and lexicographer, Elisha Coles compiled An English Dictionary (1692) by assuming that words can be defined according to the principle that all language has common elements. For example, he explains difficult terms from divinity, husbandry, philosophy, law, and mathematics, and he records thousands of hard words excluded in other dictionaries. He defines words by looking at universal language in the following ways: etymological derivation, rules of grammar, and pronunciation.
Everyone of these disciplines has many vocabulary and expressions that can be used. For that reason, linguists brought this term ESP and it started to developed through the passage of time accidentally. It is an abbreviation for ( English for Specific Purposes). It is related to the need of the learners. What, where, when and how they need ESP for?.
English language standardization is a standard form of written English which has been established in England, that standard is always evolving and as English has spread around the world, several different varieties of English now exist. It’s also stress that the stages of standardization need to be successive and may extend over , and that the process involved in the implementation of a standard English are ongoing as successive generation attempt to suppress the variability which is the inventible result of linguistic change . Samuel Johnson dictionary (1755) is named by the dictionary of Standard English which became a model and standard of English in America and England. The dictionaries before Johnson were just a list of synonyms defining hard word which borrowed from Latin or French. In the 17 century grammar books at this time presented the information which related to the spelling, definitions, origin of words and usage notes.