According to Section 7 of the Labor Management Relations Act (LMRA), formerly the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) it is within the employees’ rights to “self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection (Walsh.2013.p84).” Additionally, Section 8 prevents employers, by making it unlawful, from interfering or otherwise impeding the aforementioned rights of an employee. An employer cannot:
• Threaten employees with adverse consequences;
• Question employees about union activities;
• Discharge, suspend, layoff, or take any other adverse action against employees because of their protected, concerted activities;
• Spy on employees ' union activities, and more (NLRB.org).
A concerted activity is an action performed by two or more employees and it can be in the form of protests, strikes, complaints and more, to call attention to grievances such as
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The employees complained about the cold temperature at their workstation to management; however, because most of the other employee were content with the temperature and the thermometer read 72 degrees (in the center of the plant), the manager did not remedy the problem, by closing the door. Drake and Keeler walked out in protest of their working condition and was subsequently terminated. The employees were participating in a LMRA Section 7 protected concerted activity, which is the right to protest, to call attention to a grievance(s). Therefore, by terminating the employees, the firm violate the Act, as Section 8 state that an employer cannot terminate an employee or employees for participating in a protected activity. According to Corbett, in order to be covered by Section 7, a nonunion activity
The 1990 case of Employment Division v. Smith is about Smith and Black who were both members of a Native American Church and counselors at a private drug rehabilitation clinic. They were both fired because they had taken peyote as a part of their religious ceremonies, at that time the possession of peyote was a crime under the State law. The counselors filed for unemployment in the state, but were denied by the Employment Division because the reason for their unemployment was work-related misconduct. Smith and Black argued, stating that under the First Amendment the government is forbidden from prohibiting the "free exercise" of religion in this case the free exercise of peyote. Court of Appeals reversed the ruling, saying that denying them unemployment benefits for their religious use of peyote violated their right to as it was a part of their religion.
In this case, Drake and Keeler could argue that they were wrongfully discharged because they are to be protected under Section 7 of the National Labor Relations Act. Under the Section 7, it is described that employees, even non-union, are to be protected from termination in regards to concerted activity (Holley, Jennings, & Wolters, 2012). When an action is taken by two or more employees to express a complaint or grievance relating to the conditions of employment under the employer's control (Holley, Jennings, & Wolters, 2012). Drake and Keeler were acting in a concerted manner by walking off in protest the cold temperature at their workstations. The action they took was in order to bargain the issue in regards to their working conditions,
This demonstrates two issues, first they were acting for two or more employees and not for personal gain. In addition, they ever engaged in any form once of violence or a disproportionate loss or disruption to their employer relative to the seriousness of the employees’ complain grievance. However, the employer could manage to argue that the employee abandoned their jobs. However, as long as this was a concerted and lawful act, the employees are not required to offers the management with an opportunity to resolve a complaint. In addition, the decision would not be justified because it would be observed to be an Unfair Labor Practice (ULP).
The strict new California Fair Pay Act will soon become effective: January 1, 2016. California employers will be subject to what is being called the strictest and most aggressive equal pay law in the entire United States. Governor Jerry Brown signed the California Fair Pay Act (“Act”), Senate Bill 35, in October 2015. The new law is intended to increase the wage equality and transparency requirements of California labor law. The Act will be an amendment to Section 1197.5 of the current California Labor Code in relation to private employment.
Labor Practice Paper Angelia Henry PHL/320 May 2, 2016 Bridget Peaco Labor Practice Paper Merriam-Webster online defines a sweatshop as a shop or factory where employees work long at a low wage that is under poor and unhealthy conditions (Merriam-Webster On-line Dictionary, 2016). Sweatshops are factories that violate two or more labor laws to include wages, benefits, child labor or even working hours (Ember, 2014-2015). Companies will attempt to use sweatshop labor to lessen the cost to meet the demands of customers. When we think of sweatshop, we always want to look at third world countries and never in our own backyard. In 2012, the company Forever 21 was sued by the US Department of Labor for ignoring a subpoena requesting the information on how much it pays its workers just to make clothes (Lo,
During the Gilded Age (1870-1900), workers faced numerous problems in which they attempted to fix through organizing into labor unions. But, these unions failed. Their overall goals were to have better wages and working conditions, but a shorter work day in which they did not achieve. (Document A1) The government was corrupted and controlled by big business, which caused a lack of good interpretation, regulation, and passing of progressive legislations.
One of the unfair labor practices that the Act prohibits involves employers interfering with, restraining, or coercing employees even as they exercise their rights (Bain, 2011). This includes the right to organize and take part in the labor organizations, as well as to collectively negotiate for wages or improved working
The topic of Labor Unions has been the focus of many political debates in recent years, with these discussions having people advocate for and against the unions. Labor Unions are an organization that represent a collective group of employees to protect and further theirs rights and interests. Labor Unions were first introduced in the eighteenth century with increasing numbers around the United States and the world, but unfortunately during the past decade these numbers have drastically decreased, resulting in less education and achievement of solidarity among employees. Solidarity is the unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a common interest. Workers in the United States would benefit more through labor
The National Labor Relations Act allows employees to form a union or join a preexisting union. The same act prevents employers from standing in the way of workers attempting to unionize. Many organizations frown on unionization, but regardless of their opinion, they cannot interfere with employment rights. Employers are violating the law if they threaten employee 's jobs, question union activities, or eliminate benefits for employees by unionization. They also cannot offer benefits or perks to employees for refusing to unionize, as this could be seen as illegal persuasion (Employer/Union Rights, n.d.).
Unions have been around for a long time. The first union was established in 1866 in the U.S. with the foundation of the National Labor Union or the NLU. The National Labor Union was created to persuade Congress to change laws. The NLU was against holding strikes and instead relied on political action to reach its goals. The NLU, made up of farmers, workers, and reformers, excluding African Americans and women, firstly wanted Congress to limit the work days to just eight hours, and it was able to make this change, but after this none of its other suggestions made it through.
A labor union is a group of money earners that come together to promote and defend the interests of its members with respect to earnings and working conditions. Labor unions deal with employers on the behalf of its members through a process known as collective bargaining. In the United States, the first labor unions were on a regional level, when shoemakers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, organized in the 1790s. Terrible working conditions in the 19th century led to worker conditions. Employers fought back against the strikes by issuing demands, hiring private detectives and engaging in other dispositions.
The following section discusses the decline in trade union membership, reasons of decline union in membership and the solution of the declines, advantages and disadvantages of trade unions membership in any employment. Trade union is an organization who have come together to achieve common goals such as protecting the integrity of its trade, improving safety standards, achieving higher pay and benefits such as health care and retirement, increasing the number of employees an employer assigns to complete the work and better working conditions. Most trade unions are independent of any employer. However, trade unions try to develop close working relationships with employers. This can sometimes take the form of a partnership agreement between the employer and the trade union which identifies their
INTRODUCTION Human resource management is the strategic approach to the management of an organization 's most valued assets - the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of the goals of the business (Armstrong, M., 2006). In other words, human resource management is a to work with employees, and for the employees, to help them solve their problems. Therefore, human resource is a complicate department, as they deal with people who already work there, they also deal with several issues which happen among new employees, such as recruitment, selection and so on. Nowadays, employee retention becomes one of the most significant issue in the organizations, and managers are aiming to find the best employees
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EMPLOYEES RETENTION Employee retention means to retain the employees in the organisations and not giving them chance to leave the organisations at any cost. The burly block for any organisations is just not to get the best employees for the organisations, but to also retain them in the organization. There are number of reason because of which an employee leaves or try to quit the job, some of them are: 1.
According to Stone (2013), discrimination is when another person is differentiate from another groups based on their sex, race, disability, marital and parental status. In the anti-discrimination legislation, it is known as making a group in advantaged and the other are in disadvantaged. Employment discrimination happens when employees and job applicants were discriminated because of their weaknesses, their family medical history, women that are pregnant, or the connection with a certain individual. (Doyle 2017). Discrimination has a lot of type such as discrimination by the society, discrimination that are indirect, harassment, and victimisation.