Engineering the sustainable development goals (sdgs) in India
Abstract:
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) are a contemporary, universal set of goals, earmarks and indicators that United Nations (UN) member states will be expected to use to frame their agendas and political policies over the next 15 years. Considered as an expansion of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which were drawn up by a selected group of men in the basement of UN headquarters, the UN has conducted the largest consultation programme in its history to comprehend opinion on what the SDGs should include. India along with other countries signed the declaration on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, comprising of seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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Nations have a moral responsibility for sustainable development. There is no cause greater than shaping a world, in which every life that enters it can look to a future of security, opportunity and dignity; and, where we leave our environment in better shape for the next generation. SDGs have the potential to create a world where no one is left behind. The SDGs also make it possible to achieve what the WHO constitution mandates: attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. Sustainable Development goals are considered as an augmentation of the MDGs. In spite of the deadline of MDGs, about 1 billion people still live on less than $1.25 a day and more than 800 million people do not have enough food to eat. Women are still fighting hard for their rights, and millions of women still die in childbirth. SDGs give the nation states an opportunity to learn from mistakes and undertake vital operations by showing them the light in the direction to achieve the universal goal of Social and Economic Development. The SDGs are a set of 17 specific goals, offering special focus on important areas related to sustainable development that require urgent and extensive attention at present and in the near future. The SDGs framework undertakes to provide systematic solutions to the obstacles identified in case of the MDGs like inequality, sustainability, institutional resourcefulness, implementation efficacy, environmental deterioration, etc. These goals can only be achieved by two important factors, First being the financial inclusion of developing countries which are facing huge income inequalities and Second being cooperative federalism. The role of State governments is central to implementation of these programmes as well as in designing convergence with the
In order for a proper government one state should have the trust in another. A functional society is one trust is
The central government has enough power to help some of the country’s major needs and the state government has enough power to help the state’s needs because the state’s needs may be more specific. From this, you may conclude that dividing powers between the central and state governments prevents
The Sierra Club is a nonprofit environmental organization. It was founded in 1892 by John Muir. The Club’s mission statement is, To explore, enjoy, and protect the wild places of the earth; To practice and promote the responsible use of the earth's ecosystems and resources; To educate and enlist humanity to protect and restore the quality of the natural and human environment; and to use all lawful means to carry out these objectives. (Sierra Club, n.d.-a) The Club promotes environment preservation by encouraging green energy, mitigating global warming, and opposing the use of fossil fuels.
Holding a governmental entity to the citizens and responding to the needs of the citizens of a state is crucial to benefit the state. However, the federalism allows unity because the national government does have the power to make binding decisions in the national interest that supports the needs of all citizens. The national government does not make all the decisions. The federal system allows state local governments to each make their own decisions that can represents the interest, the wishes and the desires of the citizens. The federalism allows diversity because governments can respond to local preferences and it also allows diversity because it allows states to conduct social experiments, the kind of policy invasions, new programs, new policies, and new procedures that are not adopted at the national level but can be tempted, tried and experimented with, the two keys are important for the nation.
Target 1: Reduce the unemployment rate by at least half the current rate. It is unemployment that leads to poverty. Target 2: Enable access to clean water and sanitization to everyone, this is a basic human right, not a luxury. Target 3: Improve the income redistribution of social grants amongst minors, single mothers and minors.
Policy Implementation: HRSA (Health Resources and Services Administration) Mission and Vision: The mission statement of the HRSA is as follows: “To improve health and achieve health equity through access to quality services, a skilled health workforce and innovative programs.” Its subsequent vision is: “Healthy Communities, Healthy People.”
Both the states and the government could also borrow money; they may borrow money to help provide for general welfare. Giving the states and the Federal government powers to share helped with the problem of states over powering the Federal government or the Federal government over powering states
This country was founded with the attempt to separate the federal government and the state government, known as federalism. The goal of federalism is to divide the power of state and federal governments, protect the rights of the state, and prevent tyranny of the majority. Throughout the years, federalism turned into dual federalism where the state and federal government were completely independent of each other and only shared a dependency on the Constitution. The united states suppressing now to cooperative federalism, the national government has assumed even more power, overruling the states with Supreme Court decisions and actions, and executive Orders. Furthermore, the Federal government should grant their state governments more power, due to the connection the state governments hold with their local people.
The central government must be able to maintain standing armies, provide for a national militia, and be able to levy direct taxes to support its common defense and provide for national prosperity. Fears about the central government becoming too powerful and abusing its military authority or right to tax should be soothed by understanding the role of legislature, or the representatives of the people, in determining the central government 's authority to raise an army and levy taxes. Allowing both the federal and state government to levy taxes will ensure that they both have enough funds to effectively plan to meet their different
Mission Statement: The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) serves as a means to help protect the health of all Americans and their environment. In their efforts to do so the EPA 's purpose is to protect U.S. citizens from being exposed to possible health issues in all aspects of their lives, whether it be at home, school, or even work. These efforts are being made all over the U.S. to try and reduce external costs on U.S. citizens, by using the best info available to the EPA about health risks. Not only is the EPA advocating for the protection of the environment, but U.S. policies are having a larger presence of reforms that concern every aspect of the environment, ranging from natural resources to energy and transportation.
Because of these issues, society should develop better strategies to help these people in need to eliminate the growing poverty level through the world. These strategies could include
Even though the notion of addressing inequality has been articulated softly in the Australian meeting, the real emphasis arises during the Turkey’s meeting creating a jargon of 3Is: inclusiveness, implementation and investment (G20, 2014). Given the fact that narrow focus on improving GDP might increase the inequality gap, the target of G20 should also be given to improving fairness on distribution of growth across country member, which in turn will reduce the inequality and its consecutive impacts including improving lives of the poor and their wealth. This new focus is even more critical given the fact that G20 represents 90% of global national gross product and 80% of the world’s trade, indicating G20’s power to influence decisions of country member and other nations (Oxfam, 2014). Since every decision made by the G20 matters the poorest countries thus promoting an inclusive growth should be the priority of G20 actions. This will allow the closing of inequality gaps between the poorest and the wealthiest (Oxfam,
The conclusion conveyed at the end of this paper, will be that sustainable development is a concept with weaknesses however, the strengths outweigh them. To begin with, the concept of sustainable development famously culminated in 1987 with the United Nations 'Commission on Environment and Development ' also known as the 'Brundtland Report ' (Everard & Longhurt, 2017; pp. 1244). The article introduced, the most widely known definition of Sustainable development as "Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987).
They share certain features, such as democratic values and decentralized decision making, with social movements operating in India. The environmental movements are slowly progressing toward defining a model of development to replace the current resource-intensive one that has created severe ecological instability”(p.
According to Griggs et al. (2013), the improvement of life quality should be within the scope of earth’s ability to support human well-beings. They mentioned that the twin priorities for sustainable development goals(SDG) must be both the earth’s life-support system and poverty reduction . It is also noticeable that different from the common understanding, which often puts clean air, ecosystem services and biodiversity into the category of environmental sustainability, Griggs et al.