The Mongols: Genghis Khan And The Mongol Empire

In history, a frequent topic of debate is the legacy that the Mongol Empire left behind. It can easily be argued that they were nothing but murderous barbarians, a monotonous war machine. This is proven by the fact that they used biological warfare at the Siege of Caffa in 1346. The Mongols catapulted disease ridden corpses into the city of Caffa to spread the Black Plague into the city.(Wheelis) They also killed millions in the cities and towns that they raided(Rummel). The Mongols were guilty of crimes against humanity as they encouraged the spread of the Black Plague and slaughtered millions of innocent people in their military campaigns.

The Mongols were a group of nomadic people that had a far from good reputation. Eight centuries ago the Mongols conquered much of the known world led by Genghis Khan. Their violent and rash actions got them the name ¨Barbarians¨, which was a term referring to people who were beyond reach of humanity, people who were evil or savage. The Mongols committed many barbaric crimes and they are shown through places they passed through, Genghis Khan, and their beliefs.

As you can see, the Mongols were not barbaric.They did what they needed to do to be successful and survive. Things that have been done for years and years on this earth. All it takes to see this is a change of perspective. Take that as something to

The Mongol Empire had created a single economic and cultural world system. In 13 century, the the Mongols had seized nearly the whole Eastern Europe, including now Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria and Hungary. Scholars regard the Mongol conquest as one of the most deadliest invasions in human history. The Mongols also called the Tatars, which means Hell in Roman. Historian Brian Landers stated in his book that "The Mongols brought terror to Europe on a scale not seen again until the twentieth century." Despite of their ruthless, the Mongol Empire did has positive impacts on the development of Europe in five different areas, namely political, economic, social, weapons advancement and spread of Christianity due to the Mongol exchange.

To begin, the mongols were civilized because they had a structured military. For example, in Document B, it talks about when a soldier undertakes military duty and the type of equipment they had depending on the situation. This portrays that the mongols were orderly enough to enlist members and give an equal amount of equipment to each soldier. Moreover, Document D discusses the Mongol’s tactics in battle such as making themselves appear to have bigger numbers and how they divided their forces according to rank. This document shows that the Mongols had a military that was disciplined and structured enough to be efficient in

The Mongols who are they and were they barbaric? The mongols was a small clan until they came to one leadership whom being named genghis Khan. He who lead the mongols to a world of conquering and success. The mongols were barbaric empire. They way they kept soldiers fighting is cruel, they way they killed people from other empires is not necessary, and the way they got married depending on the situation is unfair.

As the Mongols ravaged the plains of China, they needed to establish a new government to control the newly conquered people. The Mongols were distrustful of the Chinese governments and their Confucius ways, so they kicked the Chinese out of government and replaced them with Mongol rulers. In the Middle East however, the Mongols left the rulers and political system relatively unchanged except for establishing Mongol rulers in the highest positions of law. But Persian authorities still held smaller, less powerful positions. In general, the Mongols were much more relaxed in the governing of the Middle East. They didn’t care what their subjects did as long as they kept relative peace and payed their taxes.

The Mongols reached broad extents of land, having four Khanates in Russia, Persia, Central Asia, and China, creating contacts with other parts of the known world(Document A). Because of this, public relations associating trade and commerce were set in motion. The Mongols traded among Asia and Europe for centuries during their establishment, and it was what initially led them to subdue China(Document I). While it is recognizable that the conquest of China was through terrorism, attaining that area opened numerous doors for commerce. As China was a treasure to travelers such as Marco Polo, the Great Khan Kubilai welcomed the traveler to bring Christians with him(Document H). This displays the Mongol characteristic of adaptation and acceptance towards new cultures and ideas, implementing diversity. When the Mongols conquered most of Asia, including China and Persia, they also gained control of the continental caravan routes, which were essential to their lucrative commerce(Document J). It is a misconception that the Mongols, a successful empire that excelled in it varied commerce and trade, was barbaric due to the mature level of tolerance required for peaceful public

Lastly the Mongols performed vicious practices that were fatal and inhumane. In Document 5 a picture depicts five people being buried alive and another man being shot with arrows while tied to a tree. No matter what these people may have done their actions don’t warrant such savage inhumane death. “Genghis Khan rooted out...adultery and theft...these could be left unattended because of the severity of (Mongol) laws against theft”(Document 7). The population under Genghis Khan’s rule shouldn’t have to live in fear of harsh or fatal punishments due to doing petty

The Mongols dominated into many different parts different around the world from between 1206- 1368. They spread from Eastern Europe to the Sea of Japan and were dominate with their military. They had many skilled archers and horseman to help in battle. They were very respectful of other dynasties beliefs through them mixing different cultures together, which is called cultural diffusion. The Mongols overall were very barbaric, but many would say that the Mongols wouldn't be barbaric because the woman did everything the men did. However, they used psychological warfare and they destroyed entire cities, which heavily outweighs why they wouldn't be barbaric.

When the mongols are getting ready to fight they set up in a certain way that the people believe that there is a huge army coming to get them and they get scared (Doc D). Their first wave is captured people from other places to fight them head on. The Mongols didn't even go into the first wave. This wave was most likely to get them tired for when the mongols attacked and finished them off. Carpini mentions that the Mongols split into different groups so that some could receive rest while others fought but the opposing forces would fight day and night (Doc D). We can see this again when Ata-Malik Juvaini said that after some time of fighting they had gotten tired and they had lost all hope on winning the fight (Doc E). This was a very great strategy to defeat the opposing forces. When the people fighting the Mongols got extremely tired then they would be easier to defeat and kill. They Mongols did not really exhibit any barbaric qualities in their fighting style. They did enough of what they had to do to take over the empires they were going up against. The only reason that the people could have viewed them as barbaric is because the mongols came unannounced and managed to kill a lot of people over a short period of

The Pax Mongolica, also referred to as the “Mongol Peace,” was in effect during the 13th and 14th centuries. When we think of Genghis Khan and the Mongols, the

The Mongols’ war tactics, weapons, and conquest in the thirteenth century were some of the best in the world at that time. Their soldiers were very disciplined and skillful, they had various weapons that were new and destructive, and their conquests were numerous, causing the empire to grow rapidly.

Their economic system was highly specialized and their customs called for religious tolerance, hospitality,their trade policies balanced technological innovation, and limited alcohol use. The Mongols used highly sophisticated economic system, backed by laws that promoted safety and security, allowed the people of their empire not only to survive but to thrive and prosper. after their fall the gave to society yams and the silk road opened to everybody to use. Although the mongols were often brutal, they were tolerant of religious differences and encouraged

It consisted of strict laws which involved punishing a thief by blows of a rod, executing a soldier who abandons his military duties, cutting hands of an aggressor and also the ban on selling and kidnapping women. He took strict measures to rigorously enforce the rules. Not only this, but he also ordered his descendants to continue to maintain the code of law. On the grounds of these laws, the Mongol empire after Genghis Khan till the fall of the empire encountered peace among people and loyalty of people towards officials and members of Khan family. If Genghis had been liberal towards the necessity of having strict laws and had not created such laws, or if he had not taken seriously the people who broke the formed laws, it had been much difficult for him and his representatives to govern as it had created chaos in the society. Ignoring the safety of women and the security of people’s property could have resulted into disturbances in his society in the absence of such law or its violation. “He insisted on the rule of law and abolished torture, but he mounted major campaigns to seek out and kill raiding bandits and terrorist assassins”(Weatherford). This made his society secure and