Grammatical Approach To Code-Switching
Attention has been paid in the literature on bilingualism/multilingualism, in past reseraches on the phenomenon of code-switching. As a results of which different proposal are offered on different grammatical approaches to it. This article will attempt to discuss Poplack grammatical approach to code-switching. Language is a significant mode of communication between persons and it is hard to consider of a civilization without language. Language gives character to people‟s thoughts and controls their activities. It has helped in making this world a global village where people can communicate in a better way. Modernization and globalization stimulated bilingualism in the modern world. According to a estimation, …show more content…
When bilinguals are with monolinguals e.g. Grandfather or Gramdmother who can only speak pashto and had difficulty in speaking Urdu, they will conversate in only one language (pashto) or otherwise communication breaks down. In case of childern when they find a given truly monolingual speech sitaution but not a “pretended’’ one then they will definetly make an attempt to speak only in one language if they feel it is essential for communication. Code is generally considered in the linguistic field as the substitute for language, and it can be employed to talk about any kind of the system of language. Several scholars have attempted to define code-switching. Among them are Amuda (1989), Atoye (1994) and Belly (1976). For instance, Hymes (1974) defines only code-switching as “a common term for alternative use of two or more languages, varieties of a language or even speech styles” while Bokamba (1989) defines both concepts thus:
Code-switching is the interference of words, phrases and sentences from two diverse grammatical (sub) systems across sentence boundaries within the same speech
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Poplack introduced “nonce borrowings” for those switching that violates either or both of the constraints and believe that they are not pure code-switches at all. Nonce borrowing (a term first coined by Weinreich (1953) is taken as practically the same as to single-word code-switches. In “nonce borrowings” words from the target language (L2) are utilized in native language (L1) taken as a dominant utterance, still need to become an established element of it. The given sentences will clear the difference between Nonce borrowing and word-internal switching. Lonchamos con Asim [borrowing]
*Lunch-amos con Asim [word-internal codeswitch] ‘Let’s have lunch with Asim’ Poplack declares that the Free Morpheme constraint is “a consequence of the nonce borrowing hypothesis (Sankoff et al, 1990)”. On the other hand, further research contributed to prove the claim of universal applicability of the Constraints model to all language pairs and all occurrences of
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