Nephrology Essays

Overview Pediatric/Child Nephrology Pediatric nephrology is a subspecialty of pediatrics focussed on providing expert care in diagnosis and treatment of children suffering from acute and chronic kidney diseases. These include solitary kidney, ectopic kidney, hydronephrosis, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, hypertension, urinary tract infections, vesicoureteral reflux, renal tubular disorders, kidney stone, acute and chronic renal failure. Procedures done at our

In the Nephrology nursing journal by Kimberly Davis, she explains the difference between home hemodialysis and in-center dialysis being different approaches, regarding how patients should receive treatment for kidney failure. Home hemodialysis is for patients who want to make their own decisions regarding their care at home, by simply completing a course to receive treatment. In- center dialysis requires the use of nurses, technical staff, and transportation to and from the dialysis center every

For pediatric any type of surgery can be a scary process not only for the child, but as well for the family. For kidney transplant, it is preferred of renal replacement therapy that can offer the opportunity for a relatively normal life. Kidney transplant are available from two sources: a living related donor (any family member) or a deceased donor (family that is dead or from a dead patient consents to donate a healthy kidney). Kidney transplant in pediatric can be hard for parents and the child

Personal Statement Since I was a child, I have shown great interest in exploring my surroundings. I was extremely eager to grasp every single piece of information into my growing brain. My family has always encouraged me to utilize my abilities to the fullest extent. As I grew, this passion became even bigger, and at those moments I came to an understanding that science will be my enjoyable hobby and my first and only career choice. When I was in my first year of medical school, I had to

What is a transplant? Transplants occur when you have a big disease in one or more parts of your body (organs, tissues, parts from legs, etc…) and that makes that the part that is bad is not capable of doing it functions, so it is taken the damaged organ off of your body and it is replace by a new organ that in this case can do their functions. What is a kidney transplant? A kidney transplant is done when the kidney of a patient start to go worse and finally it becomes into a big renal disease so

Leisure time can be described as “free time”, it is the time that we can spend doing anything we want like studying, working, or playing sports, etc. Some individuals may have more leisure time than others, and activities during leisure time can vary, depending on the individual’s interests. Making a time map of our daily lives, from Sunday to Monday, shows our leisure time and what we do during the leisure time. Activities can be affected by many socio-cultural factors such as gender, hegemony

Chronic Kidney Disease is a progressive irreversible loss of kidney function over an extended period of time. It can be due to the presence of kidney damage or decreased glomerular filtration rate (Lewis). Kidney function is regulated though glomerular filtration rate (GFR). GFR gradually decreases due to nephrons being destroyed. Nephrons left intact are subjected to an increased workload, resulting in hypertrophy and inability to concentrate urine. Typically GFR in chronic kidney disease is less

Meckel Diverticulum Nuclear Scan A Meckel diverticulum nuclear scan (technetium-99m pertechnetate scan) is a procedure used to check for an abnormality on the lower part of the small intestine. This defect is called a Meckel diverticulum. It is a small area of swelling on the intestine wall that looks like a sac or pouch. The defect is present at birth (congenital) and usually does not cause any symptoms or problems. However, the diverticulum contains a lining similar to the lining of the stomach

1)What was the direct cause of death for each of these athletes? The direct cause of death for the first athlete, case one, was he experienced extreme fatigue and became incommunicative after he stopped exercising. The athlete 's strategy for exercising had lead to the development of cardiorespiratory arrest and the result of death. The direct cause of death for the second athlete, case two, was he ignored the sign of having shortness of breath and continued exercising. The result was hyperthermia

Abbreviations are used in the medical field in order to save time and space when writing in medical records and diagnosing patients. The medical field is highly dependent on time and abbreviations allow doctors and medical workers to work more efficiently. In addition, these medical abbreviations are used universally which is helpful to prevent any confusion or misunderstandings if a patient is transferred to a different health facility. There are a various amount of abbreviations that pertain to

1. Case Summary A thirty-five-year-old married man with four children is suffering from the end-stage of kidney failure. All do to suffering years with chronic renal inadequacy and kidney disease. He is currently on dialysis, which has improved his health significantly to where he can function well and can expect to remain about the same while on it (Grisez, 1997, question 50). The treatment is not painful, the difficult part is the amount of time he has to spend on the machine and his wife’s

1. What health history would be appropriate to elicit from Paula regarding her epigastric pain? It is very important to get the proper information from Paula about the epigastric pain she is feeling. The information needed are: • Paula’s medical history • Is she experiencing any loss of appetite? • Did she lose weigh from a certain period of time? Is it involuntary losing of weight or is it because of diet? • Is she experiencing any difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia)? • Does she have any aversions

Hyperkalemia What is hyperkalemia? Hyperkalemia is the medical term for high serum potassium levels. This is often caused by kidney disease, high dietary potassium intake, increased cell breakdown, insulin insufficiency, and use of certain medications (eg, NSAIDs, beta-blockers). Rapid elevations in potassium or very high potassium levels may produce symptoms such as muscle weakness, paralysis, cardiac arrhythmias, and even death. Hyperkalemia that does not respond to medical therapy may require

Abstract: Kidney Transplantation is the organ transplant of a kidney into a patient with ESRD (end stage renal disease). ESRD is the result of many diseases like Diabetes Mellitus, Glomerulonephritides, Oxalosis, Urological problems, Cystic Kidney diseases (Polycystic Kidney disease, Medullary Cystic Kidney disease) and others. Some Kidney malignancies are also treated by Kidney Transplantation (Wilm’s Tumors in children, Renal Cell Carcinoma in adults) provided the patients remain tumor free for

Stress urinary incontinence after hysterectomy for benign gynecological disease Introduction: Urinary incontinence (UI) has been defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as: “the complaint of any involuntary leakage of urine” or as: “urine leakage seen during examination”. UI is due to the fact that bladder pressure remains lower than urethral closure pressure and incontinence may result from bladder or urethral impairment; when closure pressure is lower than bladder pressure, leakage

The exact same defect permits the spleen to wander widely and may lead to splenic torsion. Fortunately such bold defects are extremely rare. When there's an abnormality in the evolution of the mesoderm, it is going to lead to defective evolution of the urinary system, specifically the urinary tract, along with the severe laxity of the infant's abdomen. The prognosis for this problem is extremely variable. In general, it will greatly depend on the functioning of the patient's renal system. Generally

What is Kidney Stone?   The stone can be formed from a variety of substances, but the most common stone is made of calcium and oxalate crystallized in the urinary tract. Other types of stones include struvite, uric acid, and cystine. Although the stones themselves are painful, they may lead to more severe conditions, such as obstruction of the urethra, permanent damage to the kidney, and even life-threatening infections. I see the patient in the hospital because of the stone block into the necrotic

Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Aims: i. To give a possible diagnosis of the patient's health status using the urea and creatinine results from the renal function test. ii. To identify the possible interferences that could affect the accuracy of the manual method. iii. To list the possible pre-analytical variation that could affect the measurement of urea and creatinine. 1.2 Background Information The determination of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a common method used by the laboratory

Name: Sarah Trudel Student Number: 5973771 1.Describe the process of water, nutrient and electrolyte reabsorption in the nephron of the kidney. In your answer, make sure to address the following questions: (11 marks total) a) What molecules are reabsorbed in each tubular element of the nephron? (7 marks) Tubular reabsorption is the process of reclaiming water and solutes from the tubular fluid and returning them to the blood (Saladin, 2004). The first part of the nephron that is involved

INTRODUCTION Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) form a group of heterogeneous disorders that affect the kidneys, ureters and bladder. In this group are included common problems such as vesicoureteral reflux to severe life-threatening malformations as bilateral renal agenesis. (1-4) In young children, CAKUT are the main cause of end-stage kidney disease, leading to the need for kidney transplantation or dialysis, causing a major impact on growth, maturation, and disturbed