The study is anchored on the theory of educational productivity by Herbert J. Walberg. Walberg’s theory tackles about the influences on learning that affects the academic performance of a student. It is an exploration of academic achievement wherein Walberg used a variety of methods on how to identify the factors that affects the academic performance of a student. He analyzed his theory with the help of different theorists and integrated his study with over 3000 studies. In his theory, he classified 11 influential domains of variables, 8 of them were affected by social-emotional influences namely, classroom management, parental support, student-teacher interactions, social-behavioral attributes, motivational-effective attributes, the peer…show more content… The variables are reflected with different representation. In the first three variables (ability, motivation, and age) reflect characteristics of the student. The fourth and fifth variables reflect instruction (quantity and quality), and the final four variables (classroom climate, home environment, peer group, and exposure to media) represent aspects of the psychological environment. He explained that these variables has a certain effects that might cause problems with the academic performance of students if it will not be properly guided. Giving importance with a certain variable can mean a big impact with the student’s academic performance.
Several studies have been done to identify problems that affects student’s academic performance. The students’ academic performance depends on a number of socio-economic factors like students’ presence of trained teacher in school, teacher-student ratio, attendance in the class, sex of the student, family income, mother’s and father’s education, , and distance of schools (Amitava Raychaudhuri,…show more content… Students are most essential asset for any educational institute. The social and economic development is directly linked with student academic performance. The students’ performance plays an important role in producing the best quality graduates who will become great leader and manpower for the country thus responsible for the country’s economic and social development. Student academic performance measurement has received considerable attention in previous research, it is challenging aspects of academic literature, and science student performance are affected due to social, psychological, economic, environmental and personal factors. These factors strongly influence on the student performance, but these factors vary from person to person (Irfan Mushtaq and Shabana Nawaz