Primary School Learners

Young learners

1.1. Primary school learners- definition

Children are believed to be natural language learners. Young children up to the age of 10 learn in a specific way different from the other age groups of learners. Primary school learners prefer to discover things, they do not need to know every individual word of the message to understand it.

Young students are capable of developing good oral skills if they have a good example. They learn well also from acting out play or shot situational scenes. Children have limited attention span, they need a wide range of tasks and exercises but on the other hand teacher must be aware that they get tired easily and physical exercises must not be too demanding. Primary school learners like routine

1.2. Developmental issues of primary school learners

Major important factor for children is their physical development. Because of many games or excursions in school, primary school years are tightly connected to physical aspects. Physical development is an important factor in child’s emotional development and social skills. A positive self-image is one of the major element to require healthy personality. Good learner should not be afraid to make mistakes, so should be confident and self-assured.

Children do not understand abstract learning activities, these tasks should be introduced in their adolescence years. Attention span gets longer with age but still children get bored easily.

Every child has different personality and with these differences comes different styles of learning and different language levels, that is why teacher should treat all of his/her pupils as individuals but also try to pay attention to each of them . Young learners require more attention from their teacher, just as the they seek approval from the teacher. They need to have a good rapport and learn in a friendly atmosphere

Intrinsic motivation that is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the activity. Learners with that type of motivation are more likely to take part in task and also to improve their skills. On the other part there is extrinsic motivation. The factors are external and come from outside for example a reward( good grade) or punishment ( falling the exam) . The reward gives the student satisfaction and punishment might cause anxiety.

Visual aids

2.1. The definition and importance of implementation of audio-visual aids in the classroom.

According to Jack C. Richards and Richard W. Schmidt (2013) definition of visual aids is ‘an audio or device used by teacher to help learning. For example, pictures, charts and flashcards are visual aids; radio, records and tape recorders are auditory aids. Film, television and video are audio-visual aids.’

Most videos can have more than one purpose depending on teachers aim of the lesson . The types of purposes in using video aids:

• Seeing language in use: one of the most crucial advantage of video is not just hearing the language but also watching it. This allows students to comprehend different gestures and expressions that are hard to understand without observing. Most students also show much more interest to see language in use which can be a good source of