Crime Warrior Model Analysis

Before the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001, our country had gone through the policing eras of “the political, reform, and community with the four different policing models of traditional, community policing, problem-oriented and zero-tolerance” (Oliver, 2006, p. 49). The attack caused major changes in policing for several reasons. The main reason was a fear by the citizens of another major attack. In 2004 several polls were conducted to measure the fear factor of general

Deviance can be broadly defined as the transgressions of social norms. It is a concept in sociology that has drawn many different analytical perspectives. This includes perspectives such as the reactivist, normative, statistical and absolutist. In his work, Liazos attempts to define the current state of the field of study by analyzing works of different authors in the field.

The Conservative electoral vote strategy saw them gaining public confidence, by proclaiming to be “tough on crime”. The politicisation of law and order occurred due to the increase in crime rates and the postmodern turn in society. Ulrich Beck’s arguments associated with the postmodern society, and the concept of uncertainty and risk became ever prevalent. Campbell (2004) argues, traditional policing is withering away and replaced by contemporary policing methods to govern social relations in the ‘risk society’. Consequently, society’s preoccupation with risk and the existence of risk society has placed great attention on policing. The politicisation of policing has drawn focus to the agency making them powerful. As a result, the police have been identified as one of the agencies, whose budget will be protected from future austerity cuts.

The prospect of a single collective traditional culture and the traditional values that connected police officials lose their essence as the groups that have been excluded from the police culture now join the police department; as they join, they might question, or outwardly reject, the attitudes, values and norms previously associated with it (Paolline III, 2003). Some researchers (Broderick, 1977; Brown, 1988; Muir, 1977; White, 1972) diverge from the traditional characterisation of police culture, suggesting that police officials may use different mechanisms that vary as they endeavour to cope with the strains of their occupation. This is supported by the argument that police officers cope with the strains of their occupation differently due to the fact that they see the world through different lenses (Paolline III, 2003). People of different ethnic groups are socialised at an early stage of their lives to conform to the norms, beliefs, and values of a particular culture.

Describe the mechanisms by which the British Police are held to account and explain why these are important in maintaining their operational independence.

“...Much of the recent crime increase threatens the vitality of America’s cities–and thousands of lives–it is not, in itself, the greatest danger in today’s war on cops. The greatest danger lies, rather, in the delegitimation of law and order itself’ (Mac Donald). In the book “The War on Cops: How the New Attack on Law and Order Makes Everyone Less Safe,” published in the year of 2016, author Heather Mac Donald provides credible evidence to expand on her viewpoint of our country’s current criminal crisis. In addition to “The War on Cops, Mac Donald has written two other books. Her works “Are Cops Racist?” of 2003 and “The Burden of Bad Ideas: How Modern Intellectuals Misshape Our Society” of 2000 contain ideas similar to those expressed in “The War on Cops.” The powerful stance Mac Donald takes on certain themes expressed throughout “The War on Cops” direct the reader’s understanding towards the flaws of America’s governmental systems, revealing the backstory and complexity of racism and criminal justice behind our “war on cops.”

Bittner (1970:45) states that policing is inherently a discriminatory practice as police are distinguishing suspects from everyone else. Despite there being ethical and impartial police officers within the force, there are those officers are perceived as the ‘rotten apples’ in the force. These officers engage in corrupted behaviours by exhibiting discriminatory and prejudiced conduct towards minorities, as racial profiling can be seen as a practice of ‘hot spot policing’ by allocating their resources and time to areas of high-crime. However, this is in itself discriminatory because by allocating vast amount of resources to these areas of high-crime’, which are mostly of minority neighbourhoods, innocent individuals get caught in the crosshairs

Policing in today’s society has been impacted through a multitude of influences including social, political, and economical to name a few. One factor that has, in more recent years, left its imprint within policing is race. Race, brings up the subtopics of ethics, corruption, accountability, and public views on policing. The following paper will discuss these subtopics to help further understand why and how race plays such a significant role in current day society and policing.

While it can be interpreted as standing for ones beliefs, a police officer must uphold a high moral code in accordance to the society which is being served. The ethics to which police officers holds themselves, must include the character traits demonstrated in personal life, in addition to operating as public servants. If an officer is deemed untrustworthy at home, they cannot be trusted to work legally within the police department. Honesty within policing is just as important, where failing to admit a mistake can weaken a reputation and call previous cases into question. Although these traits can be trained into an individual, integrity must be developed personally before it can be applied

The principles of Sir Robert Peel are important for America today, and help shape todays modern police forces. Peels principles help keep order and peace to the police force of America. Peel drafted one of the first police bills in 1828, to improve the police in the Metropolis, it was passed in 1829 ( ). There are nine total principles in total that help guide the law enforcement.

This debate topic speaks about police being less proactive, because of vitriol, and causing an increase in crime rates. This debate topic is not directly related to the book, Ghettoside, but falls into the same bracket. The debate talks about the police becoming less involved because of denunciation, and rates of crimes increasing because of that. Ghettoside talks about the black-on-black homicide rates going up, one reason, because of the ignorance of the police. So, both the debate and the book have crime rates going up because of the lack of interference of the police department. The book shows ignorance because they simply don’t care, and the debate showing ignorance because of criticism. “For

Many police agencies today have established a code of ethics, or codes of conduct, and it easy to find parallels between Peel’s principles and present policies and

Racial profiling is a prominent problem in America in general. No individual goes unjudged in todays society. The US department of Justice claims "Issues surrounding race in America, and, specifically, racial profiling have been highly visible and volatile." (Bias-Based Policing, n.d) Racial profiling is defined as "Creating a profile about the kinds of people who commit certain types of crimes" by the National Institute of Justice. Meaning that judgment is passed on the character of a person based on their "profile" or appearances. (Racial Profiling, 2015). The looks of a person and mostly the color of their skin has an effect on the

Violations by police officers, noble cause corruption, selective administration, misuse of power, perjury, and many other misconducts leave no stone unturned to make public crazy and exasperated for irrational policing. However, the balance in police’s power and duties remain the question of consideration with the passage of time and it seems to be unresolved. Thousands of police cases regarding police abuse and other police brutality cases indeed portray a picture of an unhealthy society of the US (Tonry, 2008).

460) has described community policing as a “style of policing in which the police are close to the public, know their concerns from regular everyday contacts, and act on them in accord with the community’s wishes”. He has argued that, although the concept of community policing displays a chameleon-like character with several forms, it can also be understood broadly as an entity and ideal type.